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Mekdes Beyene
Anatomy Unit 8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a tissue? | A group of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function. |
| What are the four main types of tissues? | Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue. |
| What does epithelial tissue do? | It covers body surfaces, lines organs, and forms glands. |
| What does connective tissue do? | It supports, protects, and connects other tissues and organs. |
| What does muscle tissue do? | It produces movement by contracting. |
| What does nervous tissue do? | It sends and receives electrical signals for communication and control. |
| What are the main functions of epithelial tissue? | Protection, absorption, secretion, and filtration. |
| How is epithelial tissue classified? | By the number of layers (simple or stratified) and the shape of cells (squamous, cuboidal, columnar). |
| What is simple epithelium? | A single layer of cells that allows easy absorption or exchange. |
| What is stratified epithelium? | Multiple layers of cells that protect against friction and wear. |
| What are squamous cells? | Flat and thin cells, good for diffusion (e.g., lungs, capillaries). |
| What are cuboidal cells? | Cube-shaped cells that secrete and absorb (e.g., glands, kidney tubules). |
| What are columnar cells? | Tall and rectangular cells are found in digestive and respiratory tracts. |
| What is connective tissue made of? | Cells plus an extracellular matrix of fibers (collagen, elastic, reticular) and ground substance. |
| What are the main types of connective tissue? | Loose, dense, cartilage, bone, blood, and adipose tissue. |
| What is loose connective tissue? | Soft tissue that cushions and supports organs (e.g., areolar tissue). |
| What is dense connective tissue? | Contains tightly packed collagen fibers, forming tendons and ligaments. |
| What is adipose tissue? | Fat tissue that stores energy, insulates, and cushions the body. |
| What is cartilage? | A flexible but firm tissue that supports and cushions joints (e.g., nose, ears, trachea). |
| What is bone tissue? | A hard connective tissue that supports, protects, and stores minerals. |
| What is blood tissue? | A fluid connective tissue that transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste. |
| What are the three types of muscle tissue? | Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth. |
| What is skeletal muscle tissue? | Voluntary muscle attached to bones that moves the body. |
| What is cardiac muscle tissue? | Involuntary muscle found only in the heart; it pumps blood. |
| What is smooth muscle tissue? | Involuntary muscle found in walls of organs like the stomach and intestines. |
| What are neurons? | Nerve cells that send and receive electrical impulses. |
| What is neuroglia (glial cells)? | Support cells that protect, nourish, and assist neurons. |
| What is regeneration in tissue repair? | When damaged cells are replaced with the same type of cells, restoring normal function. |
| What is fibrosis? | Formation of scar tissue when regeneration is not possible. |
| Which tissues regenerate well? | Epithelial and connective tissues (like bone and areolar tissue). |
| Which tissues regenerate poorly? | Cardiac and nervous tissues. |
| What is the basement membrane? | A thin layer that anchors epithelial tissue to underlying connective tissue. |
| What are stem cells? | Undifferentiated cells that can divide and develop into different tissue types. |
| Why is blood supply important for tissues? | It delivers nutrients and oxygen and removes waste; tissues with poor blood flow heal slower. |
| What is the importance of tissues in organ systems? | Different tissues combine to form organs that perform specialized functions in the body. |
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Twin0324