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Chap 21/15 Phys Sci
Chap 21 Phys Sci
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| A solution is | A homogeneous mixture |
| Homogeneous mixture means | It has the same composition throughout the mixture |
| The definition of a homogeneous mixture | A mixture in which the components are uniformly distributed throughout its volume and cannot be seen seperately |
| The definition of a heterogeneous mixture | A mixture in which the components are not uniformly distributed throughout its volume and can be easily seen seperately. |
| A heterogeneous mixture is | Not a solution |
| Definition of solution | One substance being dissolved in another substance |
| Definition of solute | The substance being dissolved in a solution |
| Definition of solvent | The substance in which a solute is dissolved in. When a liquid dissolves in another liquid, the substance that is present in the larger amount is typically called the solvent. |
| Definition of alloy | A homogeneous mixture of elements that has metallic properties. They are made by melting the solid solute and solvent together. |
| Pressure | The amount of force on an object |
| Concentrated Soultion | A solution in which a large amount of solute is dissolved in the solution |
| Solubility | The maximum amount of solute that can be disssolved in a given amount of solvent at given temperatures. |
| Insoluble | Can not be dissolved in a solution |
| Saturated Solution | A solution that contains all of the solute that it can hold at a given temperature |
| Unsaturated Solution | A solution that can dissolve more solute at a particular temperature |
| Supersaturated Solution | A solution that contains more solute than a saturated solution at the same temperature. They are unstable. |
| Exothermic | Gives off energy to the surrounding environment |
| Endothermic | Draws energy from the surroundings to dissolve |
| Composition of matter | Matter is either a pure substance or mixture |
| Substance | A type of matter with a fixed composition, it can be an element or a compound. |
| All substances are built | From atoms |
| Element | A substance made up of atoms that are alike |
| Compound | A substance in which the atoms of two or more elements are chemically combined in a fixed proportion. |
| Two or more elements can | Combine and become compounds |
| Compounds cannot | Be seperated by physical means |
| Mixture | Matter composed of two or more substances that can be seperated by physical means |
| Suspension | A heterogeneous micture made of liquid and solid particles that settle |
| Colloid | A heterogeneous mixture with particles that never settlee |
| Three ways you can identify a colloid | Foggy appearance, Light beam is invisible while passing through, and light beams are scattered |
| Physical property | Any characteristics of a material that you can observe without changing the identity of the substance |
| Examples of physical property are | The abilites to stretch and bend substances, Behavior/attraction to a magnet, and viscosity |
| Physical change | A change in size, shape, or state of matter which the identity of the substance remains the same |
| Physical properties change while | Composition remains fixed |
| Distillation | The process of seperating substances in a mixture by evaporating a liquid and condensing its vapor |
| Chemical property | Any characteristic of a material that you can observe that produces one or more new substances. |
| Chemical change | A change of one substance to another |
| Mass cannot | Be created or lost during any chemical change |
| Matter is | Neither created or destroyed |
| Law of conservation of Mass | The mass of all substances that are present before a chemical change known as reactants. |
| Law of conservation of Mass equation | Total mass of reactants=Total mass of products |
Created by:
leii