Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
chapter 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| acute | a life-threatening condition in which the lungs fill with fluid, and oxygen and carbon dioxide cannot be exchanged effectively; also called ARDS |
| anosmia | lacking the ability to smell; loss of the sense of smell |
| anoxia | a condition in which there is no oxygen received from the air inhaled; complete oxygen deprivation |
| aphonia | lacking the ability to produce sound; having no voice |
| apnea | the absence of breathing |
| asphyxia | a condition in which there is a lack of oxygen in- take; can lead to unconsciousness or death if not treated promptly; also called suffocation |
| aspiration | the inhalation of food, drink, or foreign material into the lungs |
| asthma | a chronic inflammatory disease that makes it diffi- cult to breathe and causes coughing and wheezing |
| atelectasis | the collapse of one or more lobes of a lung |
| bradypnea | slow respirations |
| bronchiectasis | a condition in which the bronchial tubes are ab- normally enlarged, causing chronic coughing, thick sputum, recurrent pneumonia, and weight loss |
| bronchitis | an irritation and inflammation of the lining of the bronchi |
| bronchospasm | narrowing of the bronchi caused by sudden, invol- untary contractions of the smooth muscle tissue within the bronchi |
| Cheyne-Stokes | alternating periods of slow, irregular breathing and rapid, shallow respirations, along with periods of apnea |
| chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | a chronic, progressive, and incurable lung disease that causes difficulty breathing, weakness, and a high risk of lung infections |
| clubbing | a condition in which the tips of the fingers or toes are rounded and enlarged and the nails turned downward due to chronic low blood oxygen |
| COVID-19/coronavirus disease | a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and trans- mitted through droplets and airborne particles produced by an infected person; often character- ized by respiratory symptoms |
| croup (kroop) | an infection of the upper airway usually caused by a virus that causes problems with breathing and a barking cough |
| cyanosis | a blue or gray discoloration of skin or mucous membranes caused by lack of oxygen |
| cystic fibrosis | a hereditary disease in which the body produces thick mucus resulting in severe congestion within the lungs, pancreas, and intestines |
| diphtheria | a highly contagious bacterial infection causing inflammation and the formation of false mucous membranes in the throat, making swallowing and breathing difficult |
| dysphonia | a condition in which speaking is difficult, causing the voice to sound hoarse or weak |
| dyspnea | difficulty breathing |
| emphysema | a chronic disease in which the alveoli of the lungs are damaged and are unable to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide; usually results from cigarette smoking |
| empyema | a condition in which there is pus inside a body cavity; often refers to the pleural space; also called pyothorax |
| epistaxis | a nosebleed |
| eupnea | normal respirations |
| hemoptysis | the coughing up of blood or bloody sputum |
| hemothorax | a condition in which there is blood in the pleural space |
| histoplasmosis | an infection of the pulmonary system caused by the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum |
| hypercapnia | a condition of excessive carbon dioxide in the blood |
| hyperpnea | breathing that is faster or deeper than usual; may be a result of exercise, pain, illness, medication, anxiety, or high altitude |
| hyperventilation | abnormally fast and deep breathing that re- sults in a loss of carbon dioxide from the blood (hypocapnia) |
| hypocapnia | a condition of decreased carbon dioxide in the blood |
| hypopnea | abnormally slow or shallow breathing |
| hypoventilation | abnormally slow and shallow breathing that re- sults in an increase of carbon dioxide in the blood (hypercapnia) |
| hypoxemia | a condition of abnormally low levels of oxygen in the blood |
| hypoxia | a condition of abnormally low levels of oxygen in the tissues of the body |
| infant respiratory distress syndrome | a disorder almost always affecting premature new- borns and caused by lack of a substance called surfactant, which is needed to keep the lung air- ways open; also called hyaline membrane disease |
| influenza | a respiratory illness caused by a virus; common in the fall and winter months |
| laryngitis | inflammation of the larynx caused by infection, ir- ritation, or overuse of the voice |
| Legionnaires | a type of pneumonia spread through the inhala- tion of water droplets containing a type of bacteria called Legionella |
| lung cancer | the growth of abnormal cells or tumors in the lungs |
| nasopharyngitis | inflammation of the nasal passages and the phar- ynx, as in the common cold |
| obstructive sleep apnea | a breathing disorder in which a person repeatedly stops breathing during sleep |
| orthopnea | shortness of breath when lying down that is re- lieved by sitting up straight |
| pertussis | a contagious bacterial infection, usually affecting children, that first causes cold-like symptoms and later causes prolonged, sometimes violent, cough- ing fits; also called whooping cough |
| pharyngitis | inflammation of the pharynx; also called a sore throat |
| pleural effusion | a condition in which excess fluid accumulates in the pleural space |
| pleural friction rub | an abnormal rasping or grating sound during res- piration that is caused by the layers of the pleura rubbing together |
| pleurisy | inflammation of the pleurae; also called pleuritis |
| pneumoconiosis | a disease caused by inhalation of dust or other irritants; it is one type of a condition called intersti- tial lung disease |
| pneumonia | a fungal infection of the lungs that most commonly affects people who are immunocompromised |
| pneumonia | a bacterial, viral, or fungal infection that causes acute inflammation in lung tissue, causing fever, chills, cough, greenish sputum, chest pains, and rapid pulse |
| pneumothorax | a condition in which air is in the pleural space |
| pulmonary | a condition in which there is an accumulation of fluid in the lungs, interfering with gas exchange |
| pulmonary embolism | a blood clot or other blockage found in the lungs |
| pulmonary fibrosis | the formation of fibrous scar tissue in the lungs, restricting their ability to expand |
| pulmonary hypertension | hypertension in the pulmonary arteries, which may be genetic or caused by conditions such as heart failure |
| pulmonologist | a medical doctor who diagnoses and treats condi- tions of the respiratory system |
| pulmonology | the medical specialty related to the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory system conditions |
| rale | abnormal rattling lung sound heard during respi- ration; also called crackle |
| respiratory failure | a condition in which the lungs cannot supply the blood with enough oxygen |
| respiratory syncytial | a common virus that usually causes mild, cold-like symptoms; can cause severe infection in infants, elderly adults, and people with chronic medical conditions |
| rhinitis | inflammation of the mucous membranes lining the nasal passages |
| rhinorrhagia | excessive or abnormal flow of blood from the nose; also called epistaxis or nosebleed |
| rhinorrhea(ry-noh-REE-uh) | discharge from the nose; also called a runny nose |
| rhonchus | abnormal, low-pitched snoring sound heard on expiration during auscultation of the lungs |
| sinusitis | inflammation of the lining of the sinuses |
| sputum | thick mucus coughed up from the lungs |
| stridor | high-pitched sounds made during inhalation when trying to breathe through a narrowed or ob- structed airway |
| sudden infant death syndrome | a condition in which babies stop breathing and die for no known reason while asleep; also known as SIDS |
| tachypnea | rapid respirations |
| tonsillitis | inflammation of the tonsils |
| tuberculosis | a highly contagious disease caused by a bacte- rium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, that is carried on tiny particles suspended in the air |
| upper respiratory infection | a viral or bacterial infection of the nose, sinuses, or throat; a cold is one example |
| wheeze | an abnormal, high-pitched, whistling lung sound; occurs most often during expiration, but severe wheezes are heard during both inspiration and expiration |
| arterial | a test that checks levels of carbon dioxide and oxy- gen in arterial blood; it also checks the acidity (pH level) of the blood |
| artificial airway | any tube inserted into the respiratory tract to main- tain or promote breathing |
| bilevel positive airway pressure device | a machine that assists with breathing and prevents episodes of apnea by delivering pressurized air at two different pressures—one for when a person is inhaling and one for exhaling; also called BiPAP |
| bronchodilator | a medication that expands the passages of the lungs |
| bronchoplasty | surgical repair of the bronchus/bronchi |
| bronchoscopy | examination of the bronchus/bronchi using a bronchoscope, or a thin tube with a light and video camera, inserted through the nose or mouth and into the lungs |
| chest tube | a hollow drainage tube that is inserted into the chest to drain air, blood or other fluid, or pus that has collected inside the pleural cavity |
| continuous positive airway pressure device | a machine that assists with breathing and prevents episodes of apnea by delivering a stream of pres- surized air; also called CPAP |
| endotracheal intubation | the insertion of a tube through the nose or mouth and into the respiratory tract to maintain or pro- mote breathing |
| incentive spirometer | a device used for deep breathing exercises to en- courage deep inhalation |
| laryngectomy | the surgical removal of the larynx |
| laryngoscopy | examination of the larynx using a laryngoscope, or a thin tube with a light and video camera, inserted through the mouth or nose |
| lobectomy | the surgical removal of a lobe of the lung (or any organ or gland) |
| mechanical ventilation | the use of a machine to inflate and deflate the lungs of a person who cannot breathe on their own |
| nasal cannula | an oxygen delivery device that consists of a piece of plastic tubing that fits around the face and two prongs that fit inside the nose |
| nasal swab | a procedure for taking a specimen from the inte- rior of the nares |
| nasopharyngeal | a procedure for taking a specimen from the naso- pharynx (the region just behind the nares) |
| oxygen therapy | the administration of oxygen to increase the supply of oxygen to a person’s lungs |
| pleurocentesis | the use of a needle to puncture the pleura and withdraw fluid for purposes of testing or treat- ment; also called thoracentesis or thoracocentesis |
| pneumonectomy | the surgical removal of a lung |
| postural drainage | the use of different body positions to drain mucus from the lungs or to loosen it so that it can be coughed up |
| pulmonary function tests | diagnostic tests that measure lung function and capacity |
| pulse oximetry | the use of a noninvasive device, placed on the end of the finger, to determine the amount of oxygen in the blood |
| respiratory rate | the number of breaths a person takes per minute; one of the vital signs |
| rhinoplasty | the surgical repair of the nose, often for cosmetic purposes; the cosmetic procedure is often called a nose job |
| septoplasty | the surgical repair of the nasal septum, or the wall between the nasal passages, to correct a deviated septum |
| sinuplasty | the surgical repair of the sinuses |
| spirometry | the measurement of a person’s breathing, includ- ing how much air enters and leaves the lungs |
| sputum specimen | a sample of thick mucus coughed up from the lungs, collected to test for pathogens or to monitor chronic illnesses such as tuberculosis |
| suctioning | the removal of respiratory excretions using a suc- tion tube or device |
| thoracotomy | a surgical incision in the chest wall |
| throat culture | a test performed on a specimen taken from the back of the oropharynx to check for the presence of pathogens such as streptococci |
| tracheostomy | a surgically created opening through the neck into the trachea |
| tuberculin skin test | the intradermal injection of tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) to determine if a person has been exposed to tuberculosis; |
Created by:
joan672029