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Topic 3
Living Environment
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Gene | A segment of DNA ( on a chromosome) that contains the code for a specific trait |
| Trait | A characteristic that is passed from parent to offspring through the genes |
| Heredity | The passing of traits from parent to offspring |
| DNA | The material found in all cells that contains genetic information about that organism |
| Chromosome | A thick threadlike structure that contains genetic information in the form of DNA |
| Asexual reproduction | A method of reproduction that involves two parents producing offspring that are genetically different from either parent |
| Sexual reproduction | A method of reproduction that involves two parents producing offspring that are genetically different from either parent |
| Clone | An organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which it was produced |
| Sperm | The male sex cell |
| Egg | A sex cell produced by a female |
| Genetic recombination | The formation of a new combination of genes during sexual reproduction |
| Subunit | The section of a DNA molecule that contains a sugar, a phosphate, and a base |
| Bond | A chemical link between atoms that hold molecules together |
| Replicate | To copy |
| Template | The pattern for a new molecule |
| Mutation | Any alteration in the sequence of DNA |
| Expressed | The way that an unseen gene is seen in an organism as an actual physical trait |
| Genetic engineering | A set of technologies that humans use to alter the genetic instructions of an organism by substituting DNA molecules |
| Biotechnology | The combination of technology and biological sciences |
| Selective breeding | The process of choosing a few organisms with desirable traits to serve as the parents of the next generation |