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chp 3 disease/condit

QuestionAnswer
Acne Inflammatory disorder of the sebaceous glands that produces pimples on the skin.
Albinism An inherited condition that prevents normal melanin production, resulting in extremely pale skin and white hair.
Alopecia Hair loss resulting from genetics, aging, illness, or certain medications.
Burns Injuries to skin tissue caused by prolonged contact with heat.
First-Degree Burn Superficial epidermal injury with redness (erythema), increased sensitivity (hyperesthesia), and no blisters; e.g., mild sunburn.
Second-Degree Burn Injury to both the epidermis and dermis, characterized by redness, blisters, and hyperesthesia.
Third-Degree Burn Severe burn destroying both epidermis and dermis; may cause intense pain or numbness (anesthesia) depending on nerve damage.
Cicatrix A scar left by a healed wound.
Cyanosis Blue or purple discoloration of the skin or mucous membranes due to low blood oxygen or poor circulation.
Ecchymosis A black-and-blue or purplish bruise caused by rupture of blood vessels under the skin
Eczema Acute or chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness (erythema), itching, and swelling (edema); also called dermatitis.
Gangrene Death of tissue (necrosis) due to loss of blood supply, often followed by bacterial infection.
Keloid An abnormally raised, thickened scar that grows beyond the original wound boundaries; can be itchy or painful.
Impetigo Bacterial skin infection characterized by vesicles, pustules, and crusted lesions.
Lesions, Cancerous Areas of malignant (cancerous) tissue.
Basal Cell Carcinoma Slow-growing malignant tumor of the basal layer of the epidermis; rarely spreads to other body sites.
Kaposi’s Sarcoma Malignant cancer causing red or purplish patches in the skin or mucous membranes; often associated with AIDS.
Malignant Melanoma Cancerous growth from melanocytes; begins as a discolored macule and may change in color and texture; classified by depth (levels I–IV).
Squamous Cell Carcinoma Malignant tumor of squamous epithelial cells; may occur in skin or other organs lined with epithelial tissue.
Lesions, Noncancerous Areas of benign (noncancerous) tissue.
Cyst Closed, thick-walled sac or pouch containing fluid or semisolid material, developing in a cavity or structure of the body.
Fissure A groove or crack in the skin, often in a sore.
Macule A small, flat, discolored lesion on the skin; e.g., a freckle.
Nevus A pigmented skin lesion, flat or raised; commonly called a mole.
Nodule A solid skin elevation larger than 1 centimeter; may develop in the epidermis, dermis, or subcutaneous layer.
Papule A solid skin elevation with distinct borders and a diameter of less than 1 centimeter; e.g., a pimple.
Polyp A small, mushroom-like growth, typically benign, that extends from the surface of a mucous membrane.
Pustule A small, infected skin elevation that contains pus; an abscess.
Ulcer An open sore or erosion of the skin or mucous membrane.
Vesicle A small, raised skin lesion filled with clear fluid; a blister.
Wheal A smooth, slightly swollen area that is redder or paler than surrounding skin; characteristic of hives.
Petechia Round, pinpoint spots on the skin caused by bleeding into the skin.
Psoriasis A chronic skin disease marked by itchy, red patches with silvery scales.
Purpura A purple or brownish-red rash caused by blood leaking from vessels into the skin or mucous membranes.
Scabies A contagious parasitic skin infection causing intense itching.
Scleroderma A chronic, progressive disease of the skin causing hardening and shrinking of connective tissue; may affect muscles and joints.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Chronic autoimmune disease causing inflammation of skin, joints, and internal organs.
Tinea A fungal infection of the skin.
Urticaria Hives; localized swelling and itching of the skin.
Varicose Veins Veins with a twisting appearance due to loss of elasticity; superficial varicose veins are called spider veins.
Vitiligo Loss of skin pigment in patches, creating milky-white areas.
Wart A small, hard, benign growth on the skin caused by a virus, usually papillomavirus.
Created by: ush
 

 



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