What is the smallest living structure that performs all body functions?

A cell is the basic living unit of the body, carrying out every essential process needed for survival and repair.

Define homeostasis and explain why it matters.

Homeostasis means keeping the body’s internal conditions steady, such as temperature and pH, so that all systems can work properly.

List the four main tissue types in the human body.

The body contains epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues, each designed for a specific structural or functional role.

What does epithelial tissue do?

Epithelial tissue forms protective coverings, lines body cavities, and helps with absorption, secretion, and sensation.

Name two ways the integumentary system helps maintain homeostasis.

It protects internal organs from damage and regulates body temperature through sweating and blood-flow control.

What are the three layers of the skin and what happens in each?

Epidermis – outer protective barrier; Dermis – contains sensory nerves, glands, and blood vessels; Hypodermis – stores fat and cushions underlying tissues.

Explain the difference between the axial and appendicular skeleton.

The axial skeleton forms the body’s central axis (skull, spine, ribs), while the appendicular skeleton includes the arms, legs, and girdles used for movement.

What roles do osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts play in bone health?

Osteoblasts build bone, osteocytes maintain existing bone, and osteoclasts break down old bone so new tissue can form.

Which mineral is stored in bone, and how is it used by the body?

Calcium is stored in bone; it keeps bones strong and supports nerve signals and muscle contractions.

What kind of muscle tissue moves the skeleton voluntarily?

Skeletal muscle is striated and under voluntary control, letting us walk, lift, and maintain posture.

What is cartilage and why is it important?

A flexible connective tissue that cushions joints and supports movement.

What does red bone marrow produce?

Red and white blood cells plus platelets for oxygen transport and immunity.

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Iris Padilla

SCI220-03 Human Anatomy with Lab 2025-3 Weeks 1-5

Question	Answer
What is the smallest living structure that performs all body functions?	A cell is the basic living unit of the body, carrying out every essential process needed for survival and repair.
Define homeostasis and explain why it matters.	Homeostasis means keeping the body’s internal conditions steady, such as temperature and pH, so that all systems can work properly.
List the four main tissue types in the human body.	The body contains epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues, each designed for a specific structural or functional role.
What does epithelial tissue do?	Epithelial tissue forms protective coverings, lines body cavities, and helps with absorption, secretion, and sensation.
Name two ways the integumentary system helps maintain homeostasis.	It protects internal organs from damage and regulates body temperature through sweating and blood-flow control.
What are the three layers of the skin and what happens in each?	Epidermis – outer protective barrier; Dermis – contains sensory nerves, glands, and blood vessels; Hypodermis – stores fat and cushions underlying tissues.
Explain the difference between the axial and appendicular skeleton.	The axial skeleton forms the body’s central axis (skull, spine, ribs), while the appendicular skeleton includes the arms, legs, and girdles used for movement.
What roles do osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts play in bone health?	Osteoblasts build bone, osteocytes maintain existing bone, and osteoclasts break down old bone so new tissue can form.
Which mineral is stored in bone, and how is it used by the body?	Calcium is stored in bone; it keeps bones strong and supports nerve signals and muscle contractions.
What kind of muscle tissue moves the skeleton voluntarily?	Skeletal muscle is striated and under voluntary control, letting us walk, lift, and maintain posture.
What protein gives the outer skin its toughness and water resistance?	Keratin
What pigment helps protect skin from UV radiation?	Melanin, made by melanocytes.
What is cartilage and why is it important?	A flexible connective tissue that cushions joints and supports movement.
What does red bone marrow produce?	Red and white blood cells plus platelets for oxygen transport and immunity.
Which system works with the skeletal system to produce movement?	The muscular system.

Created by: user-1988558

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