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USH A Unit 1

TermDefinition
Homestead Act Law that provided free land to settlers who agreed to farm and improve it for five years.
Transcontinental Railroad Connected the eastern and western United States, allowing faster trade and settlement.
Dawes Act Divided tribal lands to encourage Native Americans to farm and assimilate into U.S. culture.
American Indian Citizenship Act Granted citizenship to all Native Americans born in the United States.
Monopoly When one company controls an entire industry and can set prices without competition.
Laissez-Faire Economic policy meaning “hands off”; the government does not interfere with business.
Free Enterprise System System where individuals have the freedom to start businesses and compete for profit.
Andrew Carnegie Steel industry leader who used vertical integration and later donated much of his fortune (Philanthropy)
John D. Rockefeller Oil industry leader who created Standard Oil and used ruthless tactics to build a monopoly.
Sherman Anti-Trust Act Federal law created to stop monopolies and trusts from unfair business practices.
Interstate Commerce Act Federal law that regulated railroads and stopped unfair shipping rates.
Labor Union An organized group of workers formed to protect rights and improve working conditions.
Chinese Exclusion Act First U.S. law to restrict immigration; targeted Chinese workers.
Nativism Belief that native-born Americans are superior to immigrants; led to restrictive laws.
Political Machines Corrupt political organizations that traded favors for votes, often controlling city governments.
Tammany Hall / Boss Tweed Famous New York City political machine run by William “Boss” Tweed.
Urbanization Growth of cities due to industrialization, immigration, and rural to urban movement.
Americanization Movement Movement to teach immigrants English, U.S. customs, and values to help them “fit in.”
Created by: user-1963719
 

 



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