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Colonies
Social Studies Colonies Unit Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| subsistence farming | farming in which only enough food to feed one’s family is produced |
| export | to sell goods abroad |
| import | to buy goods from foreign markets |
| royal colony | a colony run by a governor and a council appointed by the king or queen |
| proprietary colony | a colony run by individuals or groups to whom land was granted |
| triangular trade | a trade route that exchanged goods between the west indies, the american colonies, and west africa |
| frontier | a thinly settled area on the outer limits of a colony |
| meeting house | a building used for government and church meetings |
| apprentice | one who is bound to a master without pay to learn a craft or trade |
| naval stores | products of pine forests used in wooden shipbuilding and maintenance |
| patroon | a landowner in the dutch colonies who ruled like a king over large areas of land |
| great migration | the movement of english settlers to the american colonies from 1630 to 1640 |
| conestoga wagon | a sturdy vehicle topped with white canvas and used by pioneers to move west |
| commonwealth | a self-governing political unit |
| cash crop | farm crops raised to be sold for money |
| puritans | protestants who, during the 1600s, wanted to reform the anglican church |
| constitution | a formal plan of government |
| separatists | protestants who, during the 1600s, wanted to leave the anglican church in order to found their own churches |
| fundamental orders of connecticut | the first american constitution or plan of government |
| pilgrims | separatists who journeyed to the colonies during the 1600s for a religious purpose |
| toleration | the acceptance of different beliefs |
| mayflower compact | a formal document, written in 1620, that provided law and order to the plymouth colony |
| pacifists | people opposed to the use of war or violence to settle disputes |
| mercantilism | the theory that a state’s or nation’s power depended on its wealth |
| toleration act | a guarantee that all christians had the right to worship as they please |
| quakers | protestant reformers who believed in religious tolerance; also known as the society of friends |
| indigo | a plant that produces a blue dye |
| urban | relating to that within a city |
| rural | to be outside a city, such as the countryside |
| artisan | a person trained in a skill or labor |
| tidewater | a region of flat, low-lying plains along the seacoast |
| plantations | large estates run by owners or managers and farmed by laborers who lived there |
| joint-stock company | a form of business organization; pooled funds of many investors or stockholders who can independently sell their shares of the company |
| middle passage | the forced trip between africa and america made by enslaved africans |
| indentured servants | laborers who agreed to work without pay for a certain period of time in exchange for passage to america |
| slave codes | the laws passed in the southern states that controlled and restricted enslaved people |
| back country | a region of hills and forests west of the tidewater |
| charter | a document that gives the holder the right to organize settlements in an area |
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