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med term unit 4
Med Term
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| acetabulum | socket-shaped cavity in the hip bone (pelvis) that receives the ball-shaped head of the femur (thighbone) |
| acromion | the bony process at the top of the shoulder blade (scapula) |
| articular cartilage | a specialized type of cartilage that covers the ends of bones in joints |
| articulation | a joint or connection between two or more bones |
| bone | Bone |
| bone depression | A fossa is a shallow, hollow area on the surface of a bone that can serve as a support for soft tissues or other structures |
| bone process | ossification |
| bursa (pl. bursae) | A bursa is a small, fluid-filled sac that acts as a cushion to reduce friction between bones, tendons, and muscles near joints |
| calcium | a silvery-white, alkaline earth metal with the atomic number 20 and the symbol Ca |
| cancellous bone | type of porous bone tissue with a honeycomb-like structure found in the ends of long bones, the skull, and the spine |
| cartilage | a tough yet flexible, elastic connective tissue that supports and cushions the body's structure, including joints, the nose, ears, and windpipe, allowing for smooth movement by preventing bones from rubbing together |
| compact bone | a dense and hard type of bone tissue that forms the outer layer of most bones |
| cranial bones | Cranial bones are the eight bones of the skull that enclose and protect the brain |
| diaphysis | the cylindrical, elongated shaft of a long bone |
| disk (disc) | a spinal intervertebral disc, a shock-absorbing cushion between vertebrae, or the optic disc, where the optic nerve connects to the retina |
| epiphyseal plate | a layer of cartilage located at the end of long bones in children and adolescents |
| epiphysis | the rounded end of a long bone |
| facial bones | the set of 14 bones that form the structure of the face, also known as the viscerocranium |
| fontanelle | a soft spot on a newborn's head where the bones of the skull have not yet fused together |
| foramen magnum | the large opening at the base of the skull through which the spinal cord passes |
| haversian canals | osteonic canal |
| ligament | Ligaments are tough, fibrous cords of tissue that connect bones to bones, providing stability and support to joints |
| malleolus | the two bony projections on either side of the ankle joint. |
| manubrium | he upper, handle-shaped portion of the sternum (breastbone). |
| mastoid process | a bony projection located at the base of the temporal bone, behind the ear |
| medullary cavity | Bone marrow cavity, Yellow marrow cavity, and Diaphyseal cavity |
| meniscus | a crescent-shaped piece of cartilage that cushions the kn |
| metaphysis | the flared, widened portion of a long bone that connects the epiphysis (end of the bone) to the diaphysis (shaft of the bone). |
| olecranon | ony protuberance at the back of the elbow |
| ossification | the process of forming new bone tissue |
| osteoblast | a specialized bone cell responsible for forming new bone tissue |
| osteoclast | a type of cell that plays a crucial role in bone remodeling. |
| periosteum | a tough, fibrous membrane that covers most of the bones in the body |
| red bone marrow | spongy tissue found inside certain bones that produces blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. |
| ribs | |
| sella turcica | a saddle-shaped depression in the sphenoid bone at the base of the skull where the pituitary gland is located |
| sinus | hollow cavity or space within a bone or other tissue. |
| styloid process | styloid process |
| suture | a fine, thread-like material used to close wounds or join tissues togethe |
| suture joint | A suture joint is a type of fibrous joint where two bones are held together by dense, fibrous connective tissue. |
| synovial cavity | synovial cavity |
| synovial fluid | Synovial fluid is a thick, clear liquid that lubricates and cushions the joints |
| synovial joint | resence of a fluid-filled cavity (synovial fluid), a fibrous capsule, and articular cartilage on the opposing bone surfaces. Therefore, the terms "synovial joint" and "diarthrosis" are interchangeable when referring to this type of joint. Synovial joi |
| synovial membrane | tissue membrane that lines the inside of joints (articular capsules). It produces synovial fluid, which lubricates the joints and protects them from friction. |
| temporomandibular joint | temporomandibular joint disorder |
| tendon | tough, fibrous, cord-like tissue that connects muscle to bone, allowing for movement |
| vertebra | Supports the body, protects the spinal cord, and allows for movement |
| visceral muscle | smooth muscle. |
| xiphoid process | a small, triangular-shaped bone located at the lower end of the sternum (breastbone) |
| yellow bone marrow | a type of bone marrow, a soft, spongy tissue found inside bones |
| acetabul/o | acetabulum |
| ankyl/o | crooked, bent, or stiff |
| arthr/o | joint |
| articul/o | condition or process related to a joint." |
| burs/o | bursa |
| calc/o, calci/o | calcification (calcium buildup) and calciuria (calcium in the urine) |
| calcane/o | the calcaneus bone, also known as the heel bone |
| carp/o | wrist |
| chondr/o | cartilage |
| clavicul/o | collarbone |
| cost/o | rib or ribs |
| crani/o | skull |
| fasci/o | the fascia |
| femor/o | femur |
| fibr/o | fiber |
| fibul/o | fibula |
| humer/o | humerus |
| ili/o | the upper part of the hip bone (pelvis) |
| isch/o | to hold back" or "to suppress |
| kyph/o | "hump" or "bent backward. ( SPINE) |
| lamin/o | medical combining form that refers to the lamina, a thin, flat layer of tissue or bone |
| leiomy/o | tumor that grows in the uterus. |
| ligament/o | |
| lord/o | "curve |
| lumb/o | lumbar region" |
| malleol/o | bony, rounded protrusions on either side of the ankle joint |
| mandibul/o | jaw , mandible |
| maxill/o | refers to the maxilla, the upper jawbone |
| metacarp/o | metacarpals |
| metatars/o | metatarsals |
| my/o | muscle |
| myel/o | spinal cord or bone marrow |
| myocardi/o | Pumps blood throughout the body |
| myos/o | that refers to the muscle |
| olecran/o | the bony prominence at the back of the elbow joint |
| orth/o | "straight," "correct," or "upright" |
| oste/o | bone |
| patell/o | patella |
| pelv/i | Pelvis |
| perone/o | to the fibula, a bone in the lower leg |
| phalang/o | "phalanges" |
| plant/o | "plantar" |
| pub/o | pubis |
| radi/o | radius |
| rhabdomy/o | breakdown of muscle tissue, leading to the release of harmful substances into the bloodstream |
| rheumat/o | "watery flow" or "discharge" |
| sarc/o | flesh |
| scapul/o | scapula |
| scoli/o | Scoliousis |
| spondyl/o | spondyl/o |
| stern/o | sternum |
| synov/o | synovial fluid. |
| tars/o | Tarsals |
| ten/o | Tendon |
| tendin/o | tendon |
| tibi/o | Tibia |
| uln/o | Ulna |
| vertebr/o | Verterbraw |
| -clast | break or destroy |
| -listhesis | the forward displacement of one bone over another, typically in the spine. |
| -malacia | abnormal softening of a tissue or organ |
| -porosis | bones become porous or full of holes |
| -tome | "section," or "cut" |
| -desis | binding" or "fixation |
| -stenosis | he narrowing or constriction of a passage or channel in the body |
| -asthenia | feeling of weakness, lack of energy, and exhaustion |
| -trophy | nourishment, growth, or development |
| ab- | "away from" or "off, |
| ad- | towards |
| dorsi- | the back or posterior part of the body |
| meta- | "beyond," "after," or "change |
| poly- | much." |
| ankylosing spondylitis | chronic inflammatory arthritis that mainly affects the spine and the sacroiliac joints, causing pain, stiffnes |
| arthritis | nflammation of one or more joints, causing pain, swelling, |
| bunion | bony bump that forms on the joint at the base of the big toe. It |
| carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) | condition caused by pressure on the median nerve as it passes through the carpal tunnel in the wrist. |
| dislocation | an injury in which the bones in a joint are forced out of their normal positions. |
| ganglion | ganglion cyst, which is a noncancerous, fluid-filled lump that typically develops along the tendons or joints of wrists or hands |
| gouty arthritis (gout) | type of arthritis caused by the accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joint |
| herniation of an intervertebral disk (disc) | a flat, round structure found between the bones (vertebrae) |
| kyphosis | excessive outward curvature of the spine, usually in the upper back, causing a hunchback or rounded back appearance. |
| lordosis | excessive inward curvature of the spine, most commonly in the lower bac |
| Lyme disease (Lyme arthritis) | is an infection caused by the bacterium |
| osteoarthritis (OA) | ) is the most common form of arthritis, characterized by the breakdown and loss of articular cartilage in the joints. |
| osteogenic sarcoma (osteosarcoma) | is a type of malignant (cancerous) bone tumor that most often develops in the growing bones of children, ( affects the longer bones ) |
| osteomalacia | softening of the bones due to a deficiency of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate. |
Created by:
kenya_cool