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ent mgt exam 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| lion king broadway info | 1997 to present – 10,940 perf – $2 billion |
| wicked broadway info | 2003 to present – 8,458 perf – $1.7 billion |
| phantom of the opera broadway info | 1988 to 2023 – 13,981 perf - $1.3 billion |
| hamilton broadway info | 2015 to present – 3,541 perf – $1.06 billion |
| book of mormon broadway info | 2011 to present – 5,327 perf – $850 million |
| other broadway hit shows | Chicago, Aladdin, Mamma Mia!, Jersey Boys, Chicago |
| when can live theater can be traced back to? | ancient egyptian times |
| who evolved theater into what we know it today? | greeks |
| who built on the work of the Greeks? | romans |
| what did theater have strong influence from? | the Church, first against then in favor of |
| when does theater flourish in europe? | during the Renaissance |
| who had incredible influence over theater? | shakespeare |
| which modern day filmmakers is shakespeare compared to? | stephen spielberg and francis ford coppola |
| when did theater productions became more structured and sophisticated, as did their venues? | Between the 17th and 19th centuries |
| where was the square, box-like staging used today developed? | in europe |
| what movements led to changes in staging, costumes, and scenic design? | realism and naturalism |
| what did chinese peking opera lead to? | spoken drama |
| which theater styles flourish in japan? | no and kabuki |
| which countries popularized shadow puppets? | india and indonesia |
| when did theater in the United States begin to break away from its European roots? | By the 20th century |
| who were the new generation of American playwrights? | Eugene O’Neill, Tennessee Williams, Thornton Wilder, and Arthur Miller |
| what did the early 1900s see in theater? | the birth of burlesque and vaudeville, which eventually become musical theater |
| which country pioneered musical theater? | US |
| what city is the Theater Capital of the World? | NYC |
| how many jobs do Broadway productions support? | more than 80,000 jobs |
| types of direct theater jobs | actors, directors, producers, and designers |
| types of indirect theater jobs | vocal coaches, agents, lawyers, and marketers |
| how does Broadway benefit NYC? | it contributes to NYC economically in the multi-billions |
| true/false: The majority of NYC’s theatergoers are tourists (intersectionality) | true |
| types of theaters | broadway, regional theater, children's theater |
| purpose of regional theaters | typically nonprofits dedicated to bringing an affordable theater experience |
| examples of regional theaters | Guthrie Theater in Minneapolis, Arena Stage in D.C., American Conservatory Theater in San Francisco, Steppenwolf Theatre Company in Chicago |
| what is regional theater an alternative to? | broadway |
| what do regional theaters rely on? | government grants, private donations, support of local community. diverse mix of funding |
| purpose of children's theaters | Growth in introducing theater to younger audiences |
| what do children's theater productions include? | Evolved productions with children’s classics and new works |
| list of local theaters | Walton AC, Juanita K Hammons, The Muny, Starlight Theater, Aetos Center, Sight & Sound, Tulsa PAC, OCCC Visual & PAC Theater, Arend Arts Center, Jim & Joyce Faulkner PAC, Kauffman Center, Folly Theater, Unicorn Theater, Stifel Theatre, Repertory Theater |
| theater challenges & trends | Coming up with the right show to both entertain and be profitable, Financing and fundraising |
| broadway challenges | having a single blockbuster to entertain for years to come |
| regional theater challenges | a “season” of shows to encourage single ticket sales and repeat business, as well as season ticket purchases |
| how much does the avg broadway show cost to produce? | $10-15 million |
| what percentage of broadway productions lose money? | more than 75% |
| who finances broadway? | investors |
| true/false: The traditional theater-going audience is aging | true |
| heyday of broadway musicals | 1930s-50s |
| what happened during broadway heyday? | a handful of composers wrote everything |
| who creates contemporary theater work? | a wide variety of writers and composers |
| what is broadway having greater diversity in? | writers, producers, actors |
| what do they call musicals turned into hollywood films? | movicals |
| jukebox musicals | use existing pop songs for its score ex Mamma Mia |
| which musicals collaborated for TV? | hairspray & peter pan |
| Developing Innovative Marketing Strategies in theater | Shift in marketing theater performances to the public. Most often geared toward identifying and luring in new audiences. Pre-release music from the show, publicity stunts, etc. Websites and social media are a huge part of theater marketing |
| true/false: working in theater is highly competitive, but wide range of jobs | true |
| theater performance jobs | Actors, writers, composers, singers, dancers, choreographers, and musicians |
| theater production jobs | Producer, director, set and costume designer, lighting specialist, casting director, and stage manager |
| theater administration responsibility | Responsible for the financial success of a production |
| theater administration roles | Managing director, finance manager, development director, and publicity manager |
| which 2 teams played in 2017 super bowl? | new england patriots and atlanta falcons |
| who won 2017 super bowl? | New England Patriots beat the Atlanta Falcons in OT |
| who performed for 2017 super bowl? | lady gaga |
| most watched musical event of all time | Lady Gaga’s Super Bowl 2017 Halftime Show |
| impacts of lady gaga's super bowl performance? | Sold 150,000 digital songs & albums, a 1,000% increase over her sales from the previous day. 4.7m views of her catalog globally, a 71% increase in views over the average in the 28 days previous. Videos of the performance viewed more than 2 million times |
| true/false: Album and concert ticket sales are not the de facto measurement for an artist’s success, or the way they make money | true |
| true/false: Today’s music industry is much evolved, thanks to technology | true |
| how long has recorded music as an entertainment medium been around? | a little more than 100 years |
| music industry | refers to the business of recording, publishing, distributing, and marketing recorded music |
| what was the first recorded music device called? | phonograph |
| who invented the phonograph? | thomas edison |
| when did Columbia Records start making disc records? | early 1900s |
| what was the most popular recording medium for most of the twentieth century? | vinyl records |
| what replaced vinyl records in the 1980s? | digital media |
| true/false: For most of its history, the recorded music industry has been in a state of tight oligopoly | true |
| which record companies dominated in the early 1900s? | Edison, Columbia, and Victor until the 1950s |
| what did rock n roll do? | ushered in a new sound and independent labels |
| how did public demand impact music from 1955 to 1956? | The public’s demand for the new music drove sales of recordings up 44% from 1955 to 1956 |
| today's big three record companies | Sony Music Entertainment, Warner Music Group, and Universal Music Group |
| where is national audio company located? | springfield, mo |
| when was national audio company founded? | 1969, then steadily grew over its first 12 years |
| by the late 1980s, which cassettes had set the industry standard for excellence in cassette duplication? | audio pro |
| what happened with national audio in early 2005? | as major cassette duplicators shifted focus to CD duplication, National Audio recognized the ongoing demand for cassettes in educational materials, religious programming, high-quality music, and audiobooks |
| what does national audio lead the music industry in? | product excellence and customer service |
| national audio long term vision | innovation and quality in audio duplication |
| who is the largest manufacturer of professional-quality audio cassettes in the U.S.? | national audio company |
| true/false: demand for cassettes is shrinking | false |
| what led to the problem of illegal music downloads? | The introduction of the MP3 format in the 1990s combined with access to high-speed internet |
| what did The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) sued Napster for and won? | copyright infringement |
| who else did RIAA sue? | individual listeners. Music lovers who were tech adept wanted digital music faster |
| which orgs were created to protect the rights of musical artists? | ASCAP & BMI |
| which org that was founded in 1914 licenses and distributes royalties for works? | The American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers (ASCAP) |
| big trends in music right now | Streaming, stores closing, vinyl Resurge, Piracy, 360-degree Deals (multiple rights) gives record label a % of the artists’ income from record sales and ancillary sources like concerts, merch, & endorsement deals. festivals like Coachella and Lollapalooza |
| 10 key aspects of the music industry | recording industry, digital music distribution industry, streaming, touring industry, licensing & sync, artist mgt, music publishing industry, radio, legal, audience & fan attention |
| when did Record labels suffer the most from piracy? | the 2000s. In 15 years, the recording industry went through 3 different realities – from CD to digital piracy to streaming |
| As streaming took over the music industry, what happened to the Digital Service Provider (DSPs)? | they became an all-in-one stop for music consumption, monetization, and discovery |
| for 90% of artists, what is more important to them than money from streaming services? | the promotional effect of streaming playlists and discovery algorithms |
| what has been the most significant shift in the music industry in the last ten years and ongoing? | music streaming |
| what has been entering the live industry? | VR. with start ups like TheWaveVR and NextVR making a case for the new type of live experience, we might see the industry taking a turn for digitalization soon |
| true/false: The amount of work that goes into organizing an international tour is enormous, as the industry remains localized and network-based | true |
| what do most booking agents tend to focus on? | a single market, and even international players still have to rely on the network of local promoters |
| licensing & syn aspects | Music's always had importance in industries like film and video games, while musicsponsorship are standard practice for many brands. connections with external players are managed by licensing business. brand relationships are more than just revenue stream |
| artist mgt aspects | Managers have unique relationships with artists as they are the only partners aligned financially. managers work on long-term strategies and help the artists make big decisions. managers coordinate all of the professionals working on the artist’s career |
| true/false: artist managers need a broad and in-depth knowledge of the entire industry | true |
| music publisher goal | "how do musicians make money?" A music publisher’s goal is collecting royalty payments on the artist’s rights connected to the actual musical work, and not the recording of it — this is recording industry’s domain |
| what does the future of radio look like? | unclear |
| what has made the radio more challenging? | streaming services. harder to reach audiences due to the complexity of copyright laws and legal barriers around FM/AM frequencies |
| legal side of music | facilitating the relationships between the partners where the law is not explicit. governed by a disconnected system of contracts and legislation |
| audience & fan attention | Relationships between the artist and his fan community are a vital resource for an artist’s career development |
| A&R | Artist and Repertoire is essentially a talent scout. A&R Reps listen to demo tapes, travel, and attend concerts. Once a label signs a new artist, the A&R is responsible for working with the artist every step of the way to get the recording finished |
| employment opportunities in music | A&R, producer, marketing, pr, social media, ads, distribution, sales |
| producer | Music producers are in charge of the recording process and the finished product |
| notable music producers | max martin, pharrell williams/the neptunes, tainy, linda perry |
| how long have museums been around? | thousands of years |
| what do museums offer? | the public an opportunity to learn about art, history, science, and popular culture |
| what are contemporary museums focused on? | technology and hands-on interactivity |
| what issues are regularly discussed by museum directors, curators, and development directors? | funding, promotion, security |
| how many museums are in the US? | 35,000 |
| what did early versions of museums highlight? | relics of art and culture |
| what did Egyptian Pharaoh Akhenaton do? | constructed a library-like museum to hold the collection of gifts given to him during his reign in the mid 1300s BC |
| what did King Ptolemy do? | created a museum of scientific instruments, statues, books, manuscripts, and even a small zoo of live animals. known as library of alexandria |
| uffizi gallery in italy | grew out of private collections opened or donated for public viewing, the Uffizi Gallery in Florence, Italy |
| when did the trend of making private collections public had caught on in Europe and Asia? | mid 18th century |
| which museums were created from private collections? | the british museum and the louve |
| oldest US museum | the Charleston Museum in South Carolina, which opened in 1773 |
| other museums that opened in 19th century | Smithsonian Institute in Washington, D.C. in 1846. Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York in 1870. Philadelphia Museum of Art in 1871. Field Museum in Chicago in 1893 |
| dime museums | This concept brought culture to the masses by presenting collections of artifacts and curiosities to the working class for a low admission price |
| most famous dime museum | P.T. Barnum’s American Museum, which opened in NYC in 1841 |
| what did dime museums attempt to do? | bridge the ever-growing gap between elite and popular audiences |
| what prompted a shift in the focus of the museum in the 20th century? | Changes in government, war, and a growing interest in heritage preservation |
| open air museums | let visitors see people in period costumes reenacting the past as a way to learn about the heritage and history of their countries and communities |
| open air museum example | the Colonial Williamsburg Museum in Virgina |
| how did the museum mission change after WW1? | the mission of the museum in the U.S. and Europe began to change from one purely focused on entertaining to educating them as well |
| who did museums partner with? | schools & communities |
| what do regional & specialty museums focus on? | informing patrons about political and social issues and trends |
| examples of regional & specialty museums | National Civil Rights Museum in Nashville, TN. Field Museum in Chicago, IL. Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago, IL. American Jazz Museum in Kansas City, MO |
| museum funding and fundraising | Museums rely heavily on a variety of funding sources to keep operating. Many operate as nonprofits & rely on gov grants & revenues. Private funding is also widely used (35%) to fund museums. Some donations come in the form of objects rather than dollars |
| Alternative Sources of Revenue for museums | Entrance fees, museum shops (merch / food), capital campaigns, renting museum space for events |
| other museum challenges & trends | engaging audiences, social media, traveling exhibits, special events & partnerships, edu outreach, theft prevention |
| museum employment opportunities | museum admin & collections mgt |
| IAAPA | int association of amusement parks & attractions |
| what country leads in theme park attendance? | US with 157.7m visitors |
| top theme park operator | disney with 140m visitors |
| top 3 global parks | magic kingdom, disneyland paris, tokyo disneyland |
| SDC history pt 1 | The Herschend family story began with Hugo & Mary Herschend and their 2 sons Jack & Pete. They vacationed to the Ozarks from Chicago & they admired the beauty & heritage of the area. In 1951, the Herschends’ began to sink their roots into the Ozarks |
| how long was the SDC marvel cave lease? | 99 years (from 1951) |
| SDC history pt 2 | Hugo passed in 1955, Mary & her sons made improvements to cave like electric, walkways & cable train for guests. popularity of Marvel Cave grew, more people went to the cave. A town was built outside the cave to entertain visitors while they waited in lin |
| SDC name story | The town was named ‘Silver Dollar City’ and a silver dollar was distributed to every guest; the hope was that the folks who had received the coins would spend them and tell other folks where they had come by them |
| how many theme parks enterprises does herschend own? | 26, includingDollywood, The Harlem Globetrotters, Adventure Aquarium, Dixie Stampede, White Water and of course, Silver Dollar City |
| history of theme parks | Can be traced to the pleasure gardens of medieval Europe. Escape from the drudgery of everyday life and work. Live entertainment, plays and puppet shows, fireworks, games, dancing |
| world's oldest operating theme park | Bakken in Denmark opened in 1953 |
| when did amusement park industry emerge in the U.S? | by 1800s |
| what created a problem for the trolley companies? | Flat rates and low use on the weekends |
| when did Willow Grove Park outside Philadelphia open? | 1986 |
| what did early trolley parks have? | picnic grounds, dance halls, food stands |
| Who is the “father” of modern day theme parks? | walt disney |
| how did WWII impact amusement parks? | people preferred to spend their leisure dollars on movies, theater, television, and other forms of entertainment. Many of the original trolley parks had aged and were no longer considered clean, safe rec spaces for visitors and families |
| when and where did Disneyland open? | Anaheim, CA in 1955 |
| six flags | opened near Dallas, TX in 1961 followed by dozens of other parks in the 60s and 70s |
| what other parks did Disney open? | Walt Disney World in 1971 and Epcot Center in 1982. Disney Parks in Tokyo, Paris, Hong Kong, and Shanghai followed |
| when did universal studios open? | in LA in 1964 |
| what did theme parks focus on after 9/11? | pop culture like star wars & harry potter |
| challenges & trends in theme parks: safety | fatalities and injuries is quite low. IAAPA partners with the National Safety Council to collect info. out of 335 million people who attended theme parks in 2015, fewer than 2,000 injuries. Routine inspections, employee training, visitor safety education |
| challenges & trends in theme parks: marketing | A strong focus for park managers is marketing. Social media, customer discounts, advertising campaigns, and special events all become part of the messaging and allure for park attendance. Product merchandising can be a lucrative aspects of a theme park |
| challenges & trends in theme parks: competition & innovation | The growing number of theme parks mean intense competition. Immersive experiences often leverage technology. Intellectual property-based attractions like Toy Story Land and The Walking Dead |
| challenges & trends in theme parks: customer service | Ride wait times. Better food. VIP Experiences |
Created by:
rachelrobinson