Longer than they are wide; act as levers for movement (ex: femur, humerus).

Cube-shaped bones that provide support and stability with little movement (ex: carpals, tarsals).

Thin, flattened bones that protect organs and provide surface area for muscle attachment (ex: skull, ribs).

Have complex shapes that don’t fit other categories (ex: vertebrae, pelvis).

The long, central shaft of the bone that provides strength and support.

The enlarged ends of a long bone that form joints with other bones.

The growth plate; area of cartilage where bone growth occurs in children and teens.

The region between the diaphysis and epiphysis; includes the growth plate.

The hollow center of the diaphysis that contains bone marrow.

Stores fat (energy reserve) inside the medullary cavity of adult long bones.

Tough, fibrous outer covering of the bone; contains blood vessels and nerves.

Smooth cartilage covering the ends of bones at joints; reduces friction and absorbs shock.

Porous, lightweight bone tissue found in the epiphyses; contains red bone marrow.

The supporting, beam-like structures inside spongy bone.

Produces red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets; found in spongy bone.

The hollow center of each osteon containing blood vessels and nerves.

Mature bone cell that maintains bone tissue; found in lacunae.

Bone-forming cell that builds new bone matrix.

Bone-destroying cell that breaks down bone tissue for remodeling or repair.

Tiny channels that connect osteocytes to each other and to the Haversian canal for nutrient exchange.

Concentric rings of bone matrix that surround the central canal in an osteon.

Thin membrane lining the inside of the medullary cavity and covering trabeculae.

space that houses an osteocyte in bone tissue.

Carry nutrients, oxygen, and waste to and from bone cells.

Small arteries that deliver oxygenated blood to the bone.

Small veins that carry deoxygenated blood away from the bone.

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1.1.4 - Bones & Oste

Term	Definition
Long Bones	Longer than they are wide; act as levers for movement (ex: femur, humerus).
Short Bones	Cube-shaped bones that provide support and stability with little movement (ex: carpals, tarsals).
Flat Bones	Thin, flattened bones that protect organs and provide surface area for muscle attachment (ex: skull, ribs).
Irregular Bones	Have complex shapes that don’t fit other categories (ex: vertebrae, pelvis).
Diaphysis	The long, central shaft of the bone that provides strength and support.
Epiphysis	The enlarged ends of a long bone that form joints with other bones.
Epiphyseal Line	The growth plate; area of cartilage where bone growth occurs in children and teens.
Metaphysis	The region between the diaphysis and epiphysis; includes the growth plate.
Medullary Cavity	The hollow center of the diaphysis that contains bone marrow.
Yellow Bone Marrow	Stores fat (energy reserve) inside the medullary cavity of adult long bones.
Periosteum	Tough, fibrous outer covering of the bone; contains blood vessels and nerves.
Articular Cartilage	Smooth cartilage covering the ends of bones at joints; reduces friction and absorbs shock.
Trabeculae	Porous, lightweight bone tissue found in the epiphyses; contains red bone marrow.
Red Bone Marrow	The supporting, beam-like structures inside spongy bone.
Osteon	Produces red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets; found in spongy bone.
Haversian Canal	The hollow center of each osteon containing blood vessels and nerves.
Osteocyte	Mature bone cell that maintains bone tissue; found in lacunae.
Osteoblast	Bone-forming cell that builds new bone matrix.
Osteoclast	Bone-destroying cell that breaks down bone tissue for remodeling or repair.
Canaliculi	Tiny channels that connect osteocytes to each other and to the Haversian canal for nutrient exchange.
Lamellae	Concentric rings of bone matrix that surround the central canal in an osteon.
Endosteum	Thin membrane lining the inside of the medullary cavity and covering trabeculae.
Lacuna	space that houses an osteocyte in bone tissue.
Blood Vessels	Carry nutrients, oxygen, and waste to and from bone cells.
Arterioles	Small arteries that deliver oxygenated blood to the bone.
Venules	Small veins that carry deoxygenated blood away from the bone.

Created by: user-1898990

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