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Biological Bases

AP Psych 1.1-1.3a, 1.4b-1.4c Day 2

QuestionAnswer
Medulla Oblongata certain reflexes, heartbeat, breathing controls largely unconscious, vital functions circulates blood, breathing, maintains muscle tone, & regulates reflexes
Pons bridge of fibers that connects to brainstem with the cerebellum -contains several clusters of cell bodies involved with sleep + arousal
Cerebellum ("little brain') critical for coordination of movement & to the sense of equilibrium
The Midbrain -integrates sensory processes -dopamine center -sleep & arousal center -muscle reflexes, breathing, pain perception
Forebrain largest + most complex region thalamus, hypothalamus, limbic system, & cerebrum
Thalamus relay station, sensory info, handles incoming & outgoing signals
Amygdala center of emotion & fear, learning fear & emotional responses
The Hypothalamus regulator of biological needs, controls ANS, biological drives (4 F's)
Hippocampus Memory relay station, consolidation of memory for factual info
Frontal Lobe Decision making, problem solving, deliberate movements, consciousness emotions
Parietal Lobe Processing sensory info, body orientation, attention
Temporal Lobe Auditory processing, language comprehension speech
Occipital Lobe Visual processing, object recognition
Motor Cortex movement
Somatosensory Cortex somatic sensation based on skin reception
Aphasia loss of ability to understand or express speech caused by brain damage to Broca or Wernicke's area
Apraxia can not coordinate their movements
Agnosia lose ability to recognize things
Visual Agnosia Failure to recognize objects & faces
Sensory Neglect one could no longer use a side of their body, in a sensory way
EEG electroencephalograph -measures brain waves/electrical activity -seen in sleep studies -skull cap or individual electrodes measure brain activity
CT/CAT Scan computed topography -x-rays to create 3D image -produces topographic images
PET Scan Positron Emission Tomography -radioactive glucose to see brain function -can see metabolic activity -provides info regarding brain function
MRI magnetic resonance imaging -magnets/radio waves to see structure of soft tissue -makes use of property of nuclear magnetic resonance to image nuclei
fMRI Functional magnetic resonance imaging -measures brain activity by detecting associated changes in blood flow -relies on the fact that cerebral blood flow & neural activation are coupled
TMS Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation -highly focused magnetic pulses to stimulate areas of brain known to control mood -TMS Therapy causes neuron to become active the brains activity
Created by: yatin24
 

 



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