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Unit 1 Test Review
Skills of a Scientist
| Vocab Term or Question | Definition or Answer |
|---|---|
| observation | a skill that involves the use of one or more of the senses to gather information and collect data |
| inference | an interpretation of an observation that is based on evidence or prior knowledge |
| hypothesis | a possible explanation for a set of observations or answer to a scientific question; must be testable |
| qualitative data | observations that describe the characteristics (qualities) of the subject; often use adjectives; uses the 5 senses |
| quantitative data | observations that incorporate numbers (quantities), such as measurements or counts |
| dependent variable | the factor that changes as a result of changes made to the independent variable in an experiment; what you measure |
| independent variable | the one factor that a scientist changes to test a hypothesis during an experiment |
| controlled experiment | an experiment in which all of the variables except for one remain the same |
| constant | factors in an experiment that remain the same |
| control group | the sample that remains the same in an experiment; used for comparison; DOES NOT include the independent variable and is the NORMAL conditions |
| data | facts, figures, and evidence gathered through observations |
| Step 1: How to Make a Graph | Title: graph has a detailed title |
| Step 2: How to Make a Graph | Axes: the appropriate variable is placed on both the X and Y axes. |
| Step 3: How to Make a Graph | Circle and Connect: Connect and circle points if it’s a line graph. If it’s a bar graph, shade the bars. |
| Step 4: How to Make a Graph | Key: if there’s more than one set of data, a key is provided to tell your viewer which is which. |
| Step 5: How to Make a Graph | Label: both axes are labeled with the data label AND the units. |
| Step 6: How to Make a Graph | Even Scales: both the X and Y scales increase by a consistent, even interval. |
| The Dependent Variable goes on this axis: | Y-Axis |
| The Independent Variable goes on this axis: | X-Axis |
| True or False: I have to start my data on a graph at ZERO | FALSE! You can start your data with any number as long as the data is evenly spaced |
| True or False: The X and Y Axis should both use the same increments (ex: if I count by 5's on the x-axis I need to count by 5's on the y-axis) | FALSE! Your increments should reflect the data for each axis. You can count by 5's on one axis and by 100's on the other axis! |
| True or False: You should use at least 50% of your graph paper for both the x-axis and the y-axis | TRUE! Spread your data out so you can see a trend in the data |
| True or False: I should NEVER connect my line to the origin if there is no data there | TRUE! do not extend your line unless you are told to do so. Only connect lines where there is a clear data point with a circle around it |
| True or False: I can change more than one variable at a time in an experiment | FALSE! Always change just one variable and keep everything else the same so you know exactly what caused a change in the dependent variable or the data |
| True or False: I should always test multiple test subjects | TRUE! The greater the sample size, the more accurate the results are |
Created by:
jbuckleyhfl