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Ch2 Oceans
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Salinity | The total amount of dissolved salts in a water sample. |
| Sonar | A system that uses reflected sound waves to locate and determine the distance to objects under water. |
| Seamount | A steep-sided volcano mountain rising from the deep-ocean floor |
| trench | A deep, steep-sided canyon in the ocean floor. |
| continental slope | A steep incline of the ocean floor leading down from the edge of the continental shelf |
| continental shelf | A gently sloping, shallow area of the ocean floor that extends outward from the edge of a continent. |
| abyssal plain | A smooth, nearly flat region of the deep ocean floor. |
| wave | The movement of energy through a body of water. |
| wavelength | The distance between two corresponding parts of a wave, such as the distance between two crests. |
| frequency | The number of complete waves that pass a given point in a certain amount of time. |
| wave height | The vertical distance from a crest of a wave to the length |
| tsunami | A giant wave usually caused by an earthquake beneath the ocean floor. |
| longshore drift | The movement of water and sediment down a beach caused by waves coming in to shore at an angle |
| rip current | A strong, narrow current that flows briefly fro the shore back toward the ocean through a narrow opening. |
| groin | A wall made of rocks or concrete that is built outward from a beach to reduce erosion. |
| current | A large stream of moving water that flows through oceans. |
| Coriolis effect | The effect of Earth's rotation on the direction of winds and currents. |
| climate | The average annual conditions of temperature, precipitation, winds, and clouds in an area. |
| El Nino | An abnormal climate event that occurs every two to seven years in the Pacific Ocean, causing changes in winds, currents, and weather patterns for one to two years |
| La Nina | A climate event in the eastern Pacific Ocean in which waters are colder than normal |
| intertidal zone | An area between the highest high-tide line on land and the point of continental shelf exposed by the lowest low-tide line. |
| neritic zone | The area of ocean that extends from the low-tide line out to the continental shelf |
| open-ocean zone | The deepest, darkest area of the ocean beyond the edge of the continental shelf. |
| Plankton | Tiny algae and animals that float in water and are carried by waves and currents. |
| nekton | Free-swimming animals that can move throughout the water column |
| benthos | An instrument used to measure changes in air pressure |
| food web | The pattern of overlapping feeding relationships or food chains among the various organisms in an ecosystem. |
| mid-ocean ridge | An undersea mountain chain where new ocean floor is produced; a divergent plate boundary under the ocean |