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chapter two
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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Salinity | The total amount of dissolved salts in water sample |
| sonar | A system that uses reflected sound waves to locate and determine the distance to objects under water |
| seamount | A steep-sided volcanic mountain rising form the deep ocean floor |
| trench | A deep steep-sided canyon in the ocean floor |
| continental slope | A steep incline of the ocean floor leading down from the edge of the continental |
| continental shelf | A gently slop shallow area of the ocean floor that extends out word from the edge of the continent |
| abyssal plain | A smooth nearly flat region of the deep ocean floor |
| mid-ocean ridge | An undersea mountain chain were new ocean floor is produced a divergent plate bondary under the ocean |
| wave | The movement of energy through a body of water |
| wavelength | The distance between two corresponding parts of a wave such as the distance between two crests |
| wave hight | The vertical distance from the crest of a wave trough |
| tsunami | A giant wave usually caused by an earthquake beneath the ocean floor |
| longshore drift | The movement of water and sediment down a beach caused by waves coming in to shore at a angel |
| rip current | A strong narrow current that flows briefly from the shore back toward the ocean through a narrow opening |
| groin | A wall made of rocks or concrete that is built outward from a beach to reduce erosion |
| current | A large stream of moving water that flows through oceans |
| Coriolis effect | The effect of Earths rotation on the direction of winds and currents |
| climate | The average annual conditions of temperature preicipitation winds and clouds in an area |
| El Nino | An abnormal climate event that occurs every two to seven years in the Pacific Ocean causing changes in winds currents and weather patterns for one to two years |
| La Nina | A climate event in the eastern Pacific Ocean in which surface waters are colder than normal |
| intertidal zone | An area between the highest high-tide line on land and the point on the continental shelf exposed by the lowest low tide line |
| neritic zone | The area of the ocean that extends from the low tide line out to the edge of the continental shelf |
| open-ocean zone | The deepest darkest area of the ocean beyond the edge of the continental shelf |
| plankton | Tiny algae and animals that float in water and are carried away by waves and currents |
| nekton | Free swimming animals that can move through out the water column |
| benthos | Organisms that live on the bottom of the ocean or another body of water |
| food web | The pattern of overlapping feeding relationships or food chains among the various organisms in an ecosystem |
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