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Greece Study Guide
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Acropolis | A structure at the top of a hill in most Greek city-states |
| Polis | A greek city-state |
| Oligarchy | Spartan government meaning its “run by few” |
| Direct Democracy | A form of government in which the leader is not a monarch and citizens have the right to vote (Athens has a direct democracy) |
| Greek Geography | Very Mountainous causing independent city-states, different government and beliefs, Mountains provided military protection and vantage points for attacks (Greece easy to defend), Access to sea creates strong navy. |
| The Golden Age of Athens | Fifth-century Athens was the Greek city-state of Athens in the time from 480 to 404 BC. Expands democracy, increases public paid officials, made it possible for poor citizens to take part in public affairs. |
| Thermopylae | A battle between Greece and Persia where 7,000 Greeks (mostly Spartans) who are heavily outnumbered, hold off the Persian army for THREE DAYS giving the rest of the Greek troops time to retreat |
| Salamis | A battle between Athens and Persia located in a narrow channel near the island of Salamis where Athens uses their small, easier to navigate ships and use battering rams to take down the larger Persian ships |
| *Persian War | Consists of two major wars which include the Battle of Thermopylae and the Battle of Salamis when Greeks won against Persia when they invaded Greece. |
| *Peloponnesian War | Nationalism (Athens becomes stronger with $ from the Delian League, Sparta is the strongest military state in the world) combined with hostilities over the Delian League leads to a Greek civil war. This war between city-states is what weakend Greece. |
| *Pericles | An Athenian ruler who used the money to beautify & strengthen Athens. He does good things but it’s not his money! |
| *Athens | Known for beauty (fashion, architecture), a well-rounded education for males only, women stay at home, strong navy (easy access to water/ports), some military training, direct democracy, poor soil forces them to trade. |
| *Sparta | Known for their military power, simple life style, an oligarchy government, stealing, iron rods as currency, isolated by mountains, fertile soil = self-sustaining, rigorous military training from age seven, warriors and childbearing women were revered |
Created by:
Rosie_1001
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