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biochemistry vocab

QuestionAnswer
organic compounds chemical substances that make up many of the structures of cells. Also, many carry out the reactions necessary for life.
Valence electrons The electrons in the valence shell
monomer Organic compounds are built of small repeating units
polymer The monomers bond with each other to form the larger molecules
Macromolecules The largest polymers
Functional groups Clusters of atoms that give a molecule specific chemical properties.
Molecular structure 3-dimensional arrangement of atoms and the chemical bonds that hold them together within a molecule.
Hydrocarbon when attached carbon atoms are bonded only with hydrogen.
saturated contains the maximum possible amount of dissolved solute. Only single bonds.
unaturated Less amount of dissolved solute. Contains one double bonded carbon.
Condensation reaction When monomers are joined together (two molecules combined)
Dehydration synthesis When monomers are joined together (An water molecule is removed each time two monomers are joined.)
Hydrolysis reaction When a polymer is broken down into monomers ( a molecule split into two smaller ones)
Hydrophilic attracted to water and dissolve in it (water loving)
Hydrophobic a property of molecules that do not mix with water (water fearing)
Ester linkage combined monomers of a fatty acid and alcohol held together
Glycogen stored animal carbohydrates
Starch stored plant carbohydrate
Cellulose major structural material in plants (cell walls) and animals (chitin exoskeletons)
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid - genetic information to build proteins - genetic information to build the second type of nucleic acid
Created by: torredia1
 

 



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