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BioChem C5:E1
Chapter 5 Exam 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are intra and intermolecular interactions in biomolecules | |
| Molecular interactions from strongest to weakest | Covalent>ionic>hydrogen>vanderwaals |
| Acid properties | Proton Donor(BL), electron acceptor (L) |
| Base Properties | Proton acceptor (BL), electron donor (L) |
| how to identify the buffering capacity at a given pka | +- 1, ex 3.4 --> pH 2.4 to 4.4 |
| Bicarbonate buffer system | |
| What is a covalent bond | share electrons |
| Hydrogen bonds | FON, a type of dipole-dipole |
| T or F, Water dissolves in both ionic/polar substances | True |
| The atoms in a water molecule are held tother by _____ bonds/interactions | covalent |
| what geometry does water have | tetrahedral |
| How many lone pair electrons does water have | 2 lone pair (O) |
| How much of the human body is water | 60% |
| T or F, water is non polar | F, water is polar |
| Water definition | is amphoteric which means it can act as either an acid or base depending on environment |
| what types of bonds/interactions exist between water molcules | Hydrogen bonds |
| A hydrogen bond | a non-covalent interaction between a molecule containing an electronegative atom (FON) and H+ |
| what is electronegativity? | The ability of an atom to pull electrons towards its center (HF most) |
| Are there H bonds in DNA? | Yes, between the Amine and hydroxyl groups |
| Which bond is stronger, non-covalent or covalent? | covalent> non-covalent |
| What is the hydrophobic effect? | non-polar molecules aggregating in polar solvents, avoiding hydrophilic molecules particularly water |
| Amphiphilic (amphipathic) molecules form _____ in aq solns | micelles, ex lipid bilayer |
| T or F, [H+] and [OH-] are proprtionally related | False, they are inverse |
| what does pK describe | an acids tendency to ionize |
| what is pK | dissociation constant |
| T or F, lower the pKa for acids, higher is their strength | T |
| What is acidosis? | excessive acid , more gaseous CO2 is lost during exhalation. Ex during exercise breathing increases to get O2 to muscles, lactic acid |
| What is alkalosis? | insufficient acid, less gaseous CO2 is being lost during exhalation, Ex breathing into a sack so you keep your CO2 |
| How to compensate for acidosis? | Breathe faster |
| How to compensate for alkalosis? | Breathe slower |
| Bicarbonate reabsorption (long) | pH adjustment - longer term adjustments of hours to days are made by the kidneys |
| Bicarbonate reabsorption (short) | Pulmonary |
| if your body were to have excessive H+ ions, the lungs would compensate by | exhaling more CO2 |
| What equation relates pKa to pH | Henderson Hasselbalch |
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