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Reconstruction Test
Flashcards
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| To what extent (how much) did Reconstruction work? | Reconstruction worked somewhat. It rebuilt the South, passed new amendments, and gave African Americans freedom and rights. But racism, violence, and unfair laws (Black Codes, Jim Crow) meant those rights were not fully protected. |
| To what extent (how much) did life for African-Americans improve after 1865? | Life improved legally (slavery ended, citizenship and voting rights were given). But in reality, discrimination, poverty, and violence limited real progress. |
| What were the most important political successes of the Reconstruction Period? | 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments African Americans elected to office for the first time Freedmen’s Bureau helped freedmen transition |
| 10 Percent Plan | Lincoln’s plan – 10% of voters swear loyalty to the Union and accept the end of slavery, then the state could rejoin. |
| Congressional Reconstruction (Wade-Davis Bill) | Much stricter – 50% of voters must swear loyalty, ex-Confederates banned from office. |
| President Johnson’s Plan | Similar to Lincoln’s but very forgiving of the South. Allowed former Confederates back in power. Let Black Codes exist. |
| What were the major social, political, economic problems facing the country following the Civil War? | Social: Deep racism, KKK violence, North vs South bitterness Political: How to readmit Southern states, who had power (President vs Congress), rights for freedmen Economic: South destroyed, no slave labor, sharecropping system kept freedmen poor |
| Abraham Lincoln | he was the president of the union during the civil war and a tiny bit after caring about natural rights and not liking slavery. |
| Radical Republicans | Members of Congress who wanted to punish the South and give full rights to freedmen. |
| Andrew Johnson | Became president after Lincoln. Wanted an easy plan for the South but did little to help freedmen. Was impeached by Congress |
| John Wilkes Booth | Assassinated Abraham Lincoln. |
| Confederacy/Confederates | Southern states that broke away to keep slavery and fought against the Union. |
| The Union | Northern states that fought to end slavery and preserve the United States. |
| Carpetbagger | people from the north who moved to the south to help out during reconstruction. Some helped, some took advantage. |
| Ku Klux Klan | Terrorist group that used violence to stop freedmen from voting or gaining rights. |
| Scalawags | White Southerners who supported Reconstruction and worked with Northerners. |
| 13th | abolished slavery. |
| 14th | birthright citizenship, if you are born in the USA you are a citizen and you are equal. |
| 15t | right to vote cannot be denied on the basis of race (African American men can vote). |
| Freedmen’s Bureau | this organization provided essential services like food, clothing, healthcare, and education to formerly enslaved people and white refugees in the South, also assisting in reuniting families and negotiating fair labor contracts. |
| Black codes | these discriminatory laws aimed to control the behavior and freedom of newly freed people, often resembling conditions of slavery, by limiting their rights, property ownership, and ability to work independently. |
| Jim Crow | Laws that forced segregation between white and Black people |
| Poll Taxes | Fees charged to vote, kept poor African Americans from voting. |
| Literacy Tests | Tests to prove reading/writing ability; used to stop African Americans from voting. |
| Grandfather Clause | Said you could only vote if your grandfather had voted before; excluded most freedmen. |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | 1896 Supreme Court case that said segregation was legal if “separate but equal.” |
| Perspective | how we see things |
| Context | background that impacts event |
| Sourcing | who is behind the information |
| Suffrage | right to vote |
| Emancipation | the act of being set free |
| Reconstruction | the process of rebuilding or restoring something damaged or destroyed, such as a building or a country after a war |
| Sharecropping | Farming system where freedmen rented land and gave a share of crops to landowners; kept many poor |
| Segregation | Separation of races in public places like schools, buses, bathrooms |
Created by:
colinh30