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directional
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Anterior (ventral) | Front of the body — ex: the sternum is anterior to the heart |
| Posterior (dorsal) | Back of the body — ex: the spine is posterior to the stomach |
| Superior (cranial) | Above, toward the head — ex: the chest is superior to the abdomen |
| Medial | Toward the midline — ex: the nose is medial to the eyes |
| Lateral | Away from the midline — ex: the ears are lateral to the nose |
| Proximal | Closer to the point of attachment — ex: the elbow is proximal to the wrist |
| Distal | Farther from the point of attachment — ex: the fingers are distal to the elbow |
| Superficial (external) | Toward or on the surface — ex: the skin is superficial to muscles |
| Deep (internal) | Away from the surface — ex: the bones are deep to the skin |
| Supine | Lying on the back, face upward |
| Prone | Lying on the stomach, face downward |
| Dorsal cavity | Cavity on the back side of the body — includes cranial and spinal cavities |
| Ventral cavity | Cavity on the front side of the body — includes thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities |
| Cephalic | Toward the head |
| Caudal | Toward the tailbone/feet |
Created by:
lexidoll