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Disease Transmission

Disease Transmission and Infection Prevention

QuestionAnswer
What is Acquired Immunity? Immunity that is developed during a person's lifetime.
What is Acute infection? An infection of short duration that is often severe.
What is Anaphylaxis? Extreme hypersensitivity to a substance that can lead to shock and life-threatening respiratory collapse.
What is Artificially acquired Immunity? Immunity that results from a vaccination.
What is Blood-borne disease? Disease that is caused by microorganisms such as viruses or bacteria that are carried in blood.
What are Blood-borne pathogens? Disease-causing organisms transferred through contact with blood or other body fluids.
What are chains of infection? Conditions that all must be present for infection to occur.
What are chronic infections? An infection of long duration.
What are communicable diseases? Condition caused by an infection that can be spread from person to person or through contact with body fluids.
What are contaminated wastes? Items such as gloves and patient napkins that may contain potentially infectious body fluids of patients.
What is direct contact? Touching or contact with a patient’s blood or saliva.
What are droplet infections? An infection that occurs through mucosal surfaces of the eyes, nose, or mouth.
What is Epidemiologic? Studies of the patterns and causes of diseases.
What is hazardous waste? Waste that poses a danger to humans or to the environment.
What is immunity? Ability of the body to resist disease.
What is indirect contact? Touching or contact with a contaminated surface or instrument.
What is infection control? Policies and practices designed to prevent the spread of infectious agents.
What is infection prevention? Ultimate goal of all infection control procedures and policies.
What is an infectious disease? Disease that is communicable.
What is infectious waste? Waste that is capable of transmitting an infectious disease.
What is inherited immunity? Immunity that is present at birth.
What is a Latent infection? Persistent infection with recurrent symptoms that “come and go.”
What is naturally acquired Immunity? Immunity that occurs when a person has contracted and is recovering from a disease.
What is occupational exposure? Any reasonably anticipated skin, eye, or mucous membrane contact or percutaneous injury involving blood or any other potentially infectious materials.
What is OSHA Blood-borne pathogens (BBP) Standard? Guidelines designed to protect employees against occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens.
What is a pathogen? Disease-causing organism.
What is percutaneous? Through the skin, such as with a needle stick, cut, or human bite.
What is permucosal? Contact with mucous membranes, such as the eyes or mouth.
What is personal protective equipment? Items such as protective clothing, masks, gloves, and eyewear used to protect employees.
What are sharps? Pointed or cutting instruments, including needles, scalpel blades, orthodontic wires, and endodontic instruments.
What are standard precautions? Standard of care designed to protect healthcare providers from pathogens that can be spread by blood or any other body fluid via excretion or secretion; expands on the concept of Universal Precautions.
What are universal precautions? Guidelines based on treating all human blood and body fluids (including saliva) as potentially infectious.
What is Virulence? Strength of a pathogen’s ability to cause disease; also known as pathogenicity.
Created by: Ianbian
 

 



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