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Stack #4531668
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| be able to label the microscope | ocular lens objective lenses stage condenser diaphragm coarse adjustment fine adjustment light source arm base |
| what type of microscope is used in the labs | compound light microscope |
| what are the objective lenses | scanning (4x) low power (10x) high power (40x) oil immersion (100x) |
| what is the ocular lens | the same lenses but magnified by 10x |
| what is oil immersion | increases resolution by reducing light refraction (improves clarity) |
| what is total magnification | objective and ocular (40x,100x, 400x, 1000x) |
| what is the difference between resolution and magnification | magnification is the enlargement of the specimen and resolution is the ability to distinguish two close points as separate |
| what are medias used for isolation of colonies | agar plate, slant, gel, broth |
| what is a pure culture | a culture containing only one species of a microorgranism |
| what is the difference between inoculation and incubation | inoculation is introducing the microbes into media while incubation is providing the proper environment for growth |
| why incubate | to allow microbes to grow and reproduce under controlled conditions |
| what is the importance of sterile technique | to prevent contamination of cultures, environment, and yourself |
| what are the steps of heat fix smears | 1. spread thin film 2. let air dry some 3. heat fix them by passing through the flame |
| what is the purpose to heat fix something | kills microbes, fixes them to the slide and preserves morphology |
| what are the stains that are used in simple stains | methylene blue, crystal violet, safranin |
| how do the stains work in simple stains | the stains bind to the cell wall/nucleic acids, increasing contrast |
| what is a negative stain | uses acidic dyes, the background is stained, cells remain clear, shows cell shape and size without heat distortion |
| what are the steps for gram stain | crystal violet, iodine, alcohol/acetone, safranin |
| what are the results of gram stain | gram positive (purple, thick peptidoglycan, no outer membarane) gram negative ( pink, thin peptidoglycan, outer membrane with LPS) |
| what are troubleshooting of gram stain | over-decolorization - false negatives under-decolorization - false positive |
| what are medically important gram fast | mycobacterium and mocardia |
| what are medical important endospore | bacillus and clostridium |
| what are the cell wall components | gram positive gram negative acid fast endospore |
| what does gram positive include | thick peptidoglycan, teichoic acids, no outer membrane |
| what does gram negative include | thin peptidoglycan, outer membrane with LPS |
| what does acid fast include | waxy mycolic acids in cell walls |
| what does endospores include | spores coat of keratin like proteins, high resistant |
| what are examples of gram positive | Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Bacillus, Clostridium. |
| what are some examples of gram negative | Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Pseudomonas. |
| what are some examples of endospore | Bacillus anthracis, Clostridium botulinum. |
| what is the function of endospore | survival under harsh conditions |
| what are some examples of acid fast positive | Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Nocardia. |
| cocci | spherical |
| bacilli | rod shaped |
| vibrio | curved rod |
| spirilla | rigid spiral |
| spirochete | flexible spiral |
| coccobacilli | short oval rods |
| diplo | pairs |
| tetrad | groups of 4 |
| chains (strepto-) | linked cells |
| cluster (staphylo-) | grape like cluster |
Created by:
ehoelzeman