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Chapter 17
vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the smallest particle of an element that can be identified with that element. Consistes of protons and neutrons in a nucleus surrounded by electrons. | atoms |
| A substance made of only one kind of atom.Examples of elemnets are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. | Element |
| the perpectual random movement of microscopic particles suspended in a fluid medium. | Brownian motion |
| the smallest particl of substance consisting of two or more atoms of the same or different elements bonded together. | molecule |
| a chemical substance made of atoms of two or more different elements combined in a fixed proportion. | compound |
| A description that uses numbers and symbols of elements to describe the proportions of elements in a compound or reaction. | chemical formula |
| The principal building block of the nucleus; a neutron or a proton | nucleons |
| An electrically neutral particle that is one of the two kinds of particles found in the nucleus of an atom. | neutrons |
| A positively charged particle that is one of the two kinds of particles found in the nucleus of an atom. | protons |
| A form of an element having a particular number of neutrons in the nuclei of its atoms. Different isotopes of a particular element have the same atomic number but different atomic mass numbers. | isotopes |
| Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. | atomic number |
| An atom (or group of atoms bound together) with a net electric charge, which is due to the loss or gain of elecrons. | ion |
| A model in which the electrons of an atom are pictured as grouped in concentric shells around the nucleus. | shell model of the atom |
| A chart that lists elements by atomic number and by electron arrangements, so that elements with similar chemical properties are in the same column. | periodic table |
| A fourth phase of matter, in addition to solid, liquid, and gas. In the plasma phase, which exists mainly at high temperature, matter consists of positively charged ions ans free electrons. | plasma |
| The positively charged center of an atom, which contains protons and neutrons and has almost all the mass of the entire atom but only a tiny fraction of the volume | nucleus |
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abbiebender
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