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TYPOGRAPHYMIDTERMS
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| M1/M2 | |
| According to the module, what is a "font"? | A computer file that makes a typeface available for use and production. |
| What does the term "leading" refer to? | The vertical distance from one baseline to the next. |
| What is the main purpose of typography in environmental signage systems? | To be practical and direct, with an imperative of clarity. |
| What is typography defined as? | The art of working with text, including its style and appearance. |
| According to the module, what is a typeface? | The shape of letters, such as Times Roman or Arial. |
| What is the term for the vertical distance from one baseline to the next, measured in points? | Leading |
| What is the primary function of a ligature? | Union of 2 or more characters |
| How did the introduction of computer type change the usage of the term "font"? | It came to be identified with the typeface name alone, and is now used interchangeably with typeface. |
| Environmental signage systems appeal to viewers through lively type treatments(True or False) | False |
| Lining figures have ascenders and descenders(True or False) | False |
| According to the module, typography can also be conceptual and interpretive(True or False) | True |
| Typography is only present in books and websites(True or False) | False |
| A ligature is a union of two or more characters(True or False) | True |
| The "Everything is OK" campaign is an example of a concept-driven campaign(True or False) | True |
| The first italic typeface was used as a substitute for roman body text(True or False) | True |
| What does the term "en" refer to in typography? | A typographic measure equal to half an em. |
| Which of the following is an example of typography in practice, as shown in the module? | A calling card with a sans serif and serif combination |
| What is the purpose of Micro typography? | To handle the details of the typeface, such as kerning and font size. |
| An em is a typographic measure equal to the point size being used(true or false) | True |
| Flama is a serif typeface used in the Dulce Vida package design(true or false) | False, its sans serif |
| What is a key consideration in Macro typography? | Spatial positioning and the relationship between elements and white space. |
| The first known sans serif typeface appeared in 1816.(True or False) | True |
| The term "leading" is derived from the practice of using lead strips to adjust vertical spacing between lines of type in metal typesetting.(True or False) | True |
| A pica is abbreviated as "pt".(True or False) | False, pt is used for point |
| What did Johannes Gutenberg's first typeface, Textura, model itself after? | Mid-fifteenth-century calligraphic writing. |
| Which type of typography addresses composition and layout? | Macro |
| The module mentions that a consistent system of color and type unifies campaign materials. What were the typefaces used in the "Everything is OK" campaign? | Helvetica, Trade Gothic, and Dot Matrix. |
| A diacritic is an auxiliary mark that combines with letterforms to indicate a distinct sound or vocal emphasis | TRUE |
| What is the term for the invisible line that bisects character tops and bottoms at the thinnest points, indicating character stress? | Axis |
| Which of the following is a type of numeral with variable widths, ascenders, and descenders? | Non-lining figures |
| Which part of a lowercase letter falls below the baseline? | Descender |
| What does point size refer to? | Body size |
| The mean line marks the height of which part of a lowercase letter? | The top of lowercase letterforms, minus ascenders and descenders. |
| What is a counter? | The enclosed white space in a character, such as b and d. |
| What are analphabetics? | Characters used with the alphabet that are not included in its alphabetic order. |
| What is a terminal? | The curved or straight end of finishing strokes. |
| A dot is also known as a tittle.(True or False) | True |
| An em is a typographic measure equal to half an en.(True or False) | False, en is half of em |
| The x-height is the distance from the baseline to the mean line.(True or False) | True |
| An ear is a small stroke that extends from the bowl of a double story lowercase g. (True or False) | True |
| A crossbar is the horizontal bar that only connects two strokes in a letterform.(True or False) | False(it also crosses stems (f and t), or bisects stems (E and F). |
| Swash is an embellished stroke that replaces a serif or terminal.(True or False) | True |
| A finial is the curved and tapered finishing stroke seen in lowercase a, c, and e.(True or False) | True |
| What is the difference between a double story and a single story lowercase g? | A double story g has a bowl plus a loop, while a single story g does not. |
| What is the name for a typeface without serifs? | Sans serif |
| What does the term stress refer to in typography? | The invisible axis that bisects character tops and bottoms at the thinnest points. |
| What is the baseline? | The imaginary line on which letterforms sit |
| A hook is the curved stroke in a terminal of a lowercase f or r.(True or False) | True |
| Proportional figures are numerals with the same character width. (True or False) | False, its tabular figures |
| Superiors fall below the baseline.(True or False) | False, it goes above the baseline |
| What is a serif? | A small finishing detail at the start and end of strokes. |
| Abrupt serifs are also known as bracketed serifs.(True or False) | False, its unbracketed serifs |
| Lining figures are well-suited for use with full capitals.(True or False) | True |
| What is an aperture? | The partially enclosed white space in letterforms such as C and S. |
| Small caps are uniquely designed uppercase letterforms that share a similar weight and x-height with lowercase letters. (True or False) | True |
| M3/M4 | |
| What is the primary characteristic of a justified alignment? | It has variable word spaces and clean, flush edges. |
| What is the ideal range for continuous text line length in characters? | 45 to 75 characters. |
| What is kerning? | It adjusts slight spaces between characters to correct ill-fitting pairs. |
| What is a flush-left alignment defined as? | A multipurpose alignment method that offers a fixed starting point for lines, which eases reading from left to right. |
| According to the document, what is the traditional size of an indent? | Equivalent to one em space. |
| Which of the following is considered a typographic factor for establishing hierarchy? | Case distinctions. |
| What is a "river" in justified paragraphs? | Disruptive gaps and holes that run through the text. |
| What are graphic factors for hierarchy? | Line, shape, and color. |
| When combining typefaces, it is a good idea to match them by point size, not optically. | False |
| The New York Times logo is a classic example of a Blackletter typeface. | True |
| The typeface personality of Century Schoolbook is described as cold and formal. | False |
| A typeface with a small x-height looks larger than a typeface with a tall x-height at the same point size. | False |
| When combining typefaces, using faces that are too similar is recommended to ensure consistency. | False |
| The historical approach to typeface selection involves choosing a typeface that is historically appropriate for the subject matter. | True |
| Old Style serifs are more refined and have smoother, rounder forms than Humanist serifs. | True |
| According to the document, what is the traditional size of an indent? | Equivalent to one em space. |
| What is the Z-pattern? | A reading pattern that begins at the upper left, moves to the right, and then down to the lower left and on to the lower right. |
| What does the document state about negative leading? | It can work for display styles, but not for body styles. |
| What are orphans and widows? | Terms for isolated lines of text at the beginning or end of a paragraph, which should be fixed. |
| Slab Serif typefaces generally have virtually no contrast in stroke weight. | True |
| Typefaces influence communication through their appearance and legibility. | True |
| The original roman typefaces are classified as Humanist serifs. | FALSE |
| Transitional sans serifs are a refreshed version of Grotesques. | True |
| The original roman typefaces are classified as Humanist serifs | True |
| What is the term for the final typesetting phase that ensures refined type settings and is also called microtypography? | Aesthetic Tailoring |
| According to the module, a book with body text, headings, and captions needs a less extensive typeface range than a poster. | False |
| An ideal typeface choice for extended reading at small sizes is a display face. | False |
| What is pica a unit of measurement for? | The height of a typeface, equal to one-sixth of an inch. |
| What is tracking? | It affects the overall spacing of words, lines, and paragraphs to enhance readability. |
| Blackletter typefaces were the first to appear and date back to the 1400s. | True |
| The historical approach to typeface selection involves choosing a typeface that is historically appropriate for the subject matter. | True |
| Modern serifs are the successors to Old Style serifs. | False |
| When combining typefaces, what is a key principle mentioned in the module? | Go for Contrast |
| What is a key characteristic of Transitional serif typefaces? | Vertical stress and bracketed serifs that are sharper and more refined than older serifs. |
| What is a key characteristic of Humanist sans serif typefaces? | They have a calligraphic influence and typically feature true italics. |
| Which of the following describes a Modern serif typeface? | Very high thick-to-thin stroke contrast and hairline unbracketed serifs. |
| What is a key difference between Egyptian and Clarendon slab serifs? | Egyptians have unbracketed serifs, while Clarendons have bracketed serifs. |
| When selecting a typeface for a book, which part of the text should a designer begin with? | The body text. |
| What is an advantage of using a superfamily when combining typefaces? | They offer consistency across multiple typeface styles, such as serif and sans serif. |
| Which typeface category is described as having "no projections at the end of the strokes"? | Sans Serif |
| Which Typeface category are only used for headlines? | Script and Display typeface |
| Which of the following describes an Old style serif typeface? | Diagonal stress, bracketed serifs, minimal contrast, wedge-shaped serifs, angled head serifs |
| Which of the following describes a Geometric sans serif typeface? | Uniform stroke contrast, vertical stress, inspired by geometric shapes |
| Which of the following describes a Grotesque sans serif typeface? | Slight thick-to-thin stroke contrast, vertical stress, curved strokes like c end at an angle |
| Which typeface category is generally used for displaying code and was originally used on typewriters? | MONOSPACE |
| What are Superfamilies? | Full-bodied typeface families that can include serif, sans serif, and slab serif faces, designed to work in harmony. |
| Which of the following describes Formal script typeface? | Flowing loops and flourishes, letterforms that are generally connected |
| The Z-pattern of reading is easy for readers to follow because it mimics the natural reading pattern of texts. | True |
| Centaur, the typeface used in the business card example, is a Geometric sans serif. | False, Humanist serif typeface |
| Uppercase settings rely on open tracking for recognition. | True |
| Space is as much a physical presence in typesetting as the typographic marks themselves. | True |
| When mixing typefaces in the same paragraph, it is recommended to match them by their x-height. | True |
| According to the document, a good typeface is highly legible and has well-considered space. | True |
| Outdents are first lines that shift outside the paragraph body. | True |
| Flush-right alignments are well-suited for paragraphs. | False, best suited for words or lines |
| Centered alignments are practical for running paragraphs. | False, it is rarely used for running paragraphs |
| Rivers are decorative elements that add character to justified paragraphs. | False |
| Kerning and tracking both affect the overall spacing of paragraphs. | False |
| A traditional indent is equivalent to half the line length. | False |
| A line length that is too wide can be tiring to read. | True |
| Which typeface is the archetype for Slab Serif - Egyptian? | Rockwell |
| French typographer and creator of the first well-established system for classifying typefaces, the Thibaudeau classification | Francis Thibaudeau |
| He devised Vox-ATypI classification and makes it possible to classify typefaces into general classes in 1954 | Maximilien Vox |
| Anatomy of a Typeface is a book on typefaces written by him. | Alexander Lawson |
| He wrote The Elements of Typographic Style in 1992, | Robert Bringhurst |
| M5/M6 | |
| What is a key purpose of a grid system? | To promote clarity and consistency, and make designing with type efficient. |
| What are baselines? | Imaginary lines on which letterforms, words, and paragraphs sit. |
| What is one of the main objectives of composition? | To order, connect, and balance type to create a first impression that engages viewers. |
| How is a Manuscript grid best described? | The simplest grid structure, mainly a large rectangular area taking up most of the space inside a format. |
| What is the purpose of a single-column grid? | It is best suited for works with extensive and continuous text. |
| What does the Rule of Odds state? | Pleasing compositions often have an odd number of elements placed in the foreground, such as three |
| What are modules in a grid system? | Active spaces occupied by elements and white space. |
| Which of the following is a key component of a basic grid's anatomy? | Flowlines |
| Columns are horizontal guides that split space into segments. | False |
| The Rule of Thirds says that pleasing compositions seem to often have an odd number of elements in the foreground. | False, Rule of odds |
| The principle of contrast states that visual elements on a page should look distinctly different from one another. | True |
| Gutters are thin channels of white space that separate columns and rows. | True |
| Margins define the active compositional area and deliver essential white space. | True |
| A single-column grid is fit for projects with diverse text and elements such as images or charts. | False, its suited for continuous text |
| A Multiple-column grid is fit for projects with diverse text and elements such as images or charts. | True |
| In typography, contrast occurs only in the color and scale of letterforms. | False |
| What do margins do in a composition? | They define the active compositional area where typographic elements dwell and provide white space. |
| What is the effect of using desaturated colors in a design? | They often appear more serious or businesslike. |
| Composition is the plan and organization of typographic elements. | True |
| The principle of contrast states that visual elements on a page should look distinctly different from one another. | True |
| Alternate methods of structure are best suited for projects with limited text. | True |
| Margins define the active compositional area and deliver essential white space. | True |
| Desaturated colors tend to have a fun or modern vibe. | False |
| What is the recommended solution for colors that seem to vibrate when placed next to each other? | Tone it down by adjusting the lightness, darkness, or saturation of one of the colors. |
| Which of the following describes a modular grid? | A grid with equally distributed spatial modules vertically and horizontally. |
| The principle of contrast states that visual elements on a page should look distinctly different from one another. | True |
| A modular grid is characterized by a precise system of columns and rows. | True |
| White space is also considered an element in terms of composition. | True |
| What is a flowline? | A horizontal guide that indicates a consistent starting position for a key element like body text or a heading. |
| A baseline is the imaginary line on which letterforms, words, and paragraphs sit. | True |
| According to the document, similarity in design is based on what? | What an object looks like. |
| The Figure and Ground principle states that the eye differentiates what? | An object (figure) from its surrounding area (ground). |
| What is the Gestalt Principle of Proximity? | It occurs when elements are placed close together and are perceived as a group. |
| What is layout in graphic design? | The arrangement of visual elements to achieve specific communication objectives. |
| How does the Gestalt Principle of Continuation occur? | When the eye is compelled to move through one object and continue to another. |
| What is the Proportion principle in layout design? | The visual or structural relationship between a part of an item and the whole. |
| What is a key characteristic of a Grid Layout? | It is a set of horizontal and vertical guides that govern where elements go. |
| Which Gestalt Principle is demonstrated when an incomplete object is perceived as a whole because enough of its shape is indicated? | Closure |
| According to Occam's razor, one should select a solution that makes the most assumptions. | False, one should select the one that makes the fewest assumptions |
| Top-Down analysis generally refers to using comprehensive factors as a basis for decision-making. | True |
| A Grid Layout starts with a blank page and grows organically. | False, its Free-form Layout |
| The Proportion principle is a useful tool for achieving a balanced layout by helping to define the size relationship of design elements. | True |
| In the Gestalt principle of Continuation, a common design rule is to have a person in an image looking away from the rest of the design. | False, it should be looking toward the rest of the design |
| Page layout is the process of placing and arranging text and graphics on a page. | True |
| The Figure and Ground principle is about balancing an object (figure) with its surrounding background (ground). | True |
| What is the Bottom-up analysis methodology? | A methodology that begins its research at the company level and weighs company fundamentals heavily. |
| What is a key characteristic of a Free-form Layout? | It starts with a blank page and grows organically without a preset structure. |
| What is the Gestalt Principle of Similarity? | It occurs when objects that look similar to one another are perceived as a group or pattern. |
| What is the Gestalt Principle of Proximity? | It occurs when elements are placed close together and are perceived as a group. |
| What is the Occam's razor methodology? | A problem-solving principle that, when presented with competing hypothetical answers, one should select the one that makes the fewest assumptions. |
| What does the KISS principle stand for? | Keep It Simple, Stupid. |
| The TIMTOWDI methodology suggests that a problem has only one valid solution. | False |
| The KISS principle emphasizes complexity in design. | False |
| A Free-form Layout is unique to web design and cannot be used in print. | False |
| Page layout is the process of placing and arranging text and graphics on a page. | True |
| What does the term Gestalt mean? | Unified Whole |
| Lateral Thinking is an approach that uses traditional step-by-step logic to solve problems. | False |
| Layout design is a universal design tool. | True |
| What is a key characteristic of a Grid Layout? | It is a set of horizontal and vertical guides that govern where elements go. |
| What is a key advantage of a layout? | It helps the reader to grasp the essence of the article and focus on the main content. |
| Flowlines are horizontal guides that indicate where key elements rise or hang. | TRUE |
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