click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
chapter 3 L 3, 4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| crust | the thin layer of rock that forms Earth's outer surface on land and in the ocean. |
| mantle | the layer of very hot but mostly solids rock beneath Earth's crust. |
| core | the layer of Earth below the mantle. |
| tectonic plates | one of the rigid layers of the lithosphere. |
| landforms | a mountain, island, or continent formed by the collisions and separations of tectonic plates. |
| deposition | the movement and accumulation of eroded soil. |
| evaporation | a change in state from a liquid to gas. |
| transpiration | the release of water vapor by plants through their leaves. |
| precipitation | the return of water from the atmosphere to earth's surface in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail. |
| condensation | a change in state from a vapor to a liquid. |
| aquifers | a sponge like formation of rock, sand, or gravel that holds water. |
| groundwater | fresh water found below Earth's surface. |
| laws of conservation of matter | the principles that states that matter can change form but cannot be created or destroyed. |
| nutrients | matter that organisms need to carry out their life processes. |
| biogeochemical cycles | the circulation of nutrients through the atmosphere: also called nutrient cycle. |
| primary producers | an organism that can capture energy from the sun or from chemicals and store it. |
| photosynthesis | the process by which primary producers use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars, releasing oxygen. |
| consumers | an organism that relies on other organisms for energy and nutrients. |
| decomposers | an organism (fungus or bacterium) that breaks down nonliving matter into simple parts that can then be taken up and reused by primary producers. |
| cellular respiration | the process by which organisms use oxygen to release the chemical energy of sugars, producing carbon dioxide and water, |
| eutrophication | the introduction of photosphorus and nitrogen into a body of water that leades to an overgrowth of algae and other producers. |
| nitrogen fixation | the conversation of nitrogen gas into ammonia. |