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ch 3 lesson 3 and 4
Ch.3 lesson 3 and 4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| crust | the planet's thin, outermost layer of solid rock and minerals, forming the surface we walk on and lying above the mantle. |
| mantel | the mostly solid layer of silicate rock that lies between the planet's crust and core |
| core | is the planet's deepest layer, composed of a solid, iron-nickel inner core and a liquid, metallic outer core, primarily made of iron and nickel. |
| tectonic plates | massive, rigid, irregularly shaped slabs of solid rock that make up the Earth's lithosphere, the outer layer of the planet. |
| land forms | is a natural physical feature on the Earth's surface, like a mountain, hill, or plain, with a distinct shape and arrangement. |
| deposition | is the geological process where weathered materials, such as sediments, soil, and rock particles, are carried by wind, water, ice, or gravity and then settled and accumulated in a new location, building up landforms over time. |
| evaporation | the process where a liquid changes into a gas or vapor. |
| transpiration | Transpiration is basically evaporation of water from inside plant leaves. |
| precipitation | is water that falls from clouds to the Earth's surface in forms such as rain, snow, hail, or sleet. |
| condensation | is the process where a gas (vapor) changes into a liquid, often by cooling. |
| aquifers | is an underground layer of rock or sediment that holds and transmits groundwater in significant enough quantities to be extracted by wells or springs. |
| ground water | is fresh water that collects below the Earth's surface in the pore spaces of soil, sediment, and rock, filling aquifers. |
| law of conservation of matter | matter can neither be created nor destroyed, but only transformed from one form to another. |
| nutrients | is a substance found in food that an organism needs to live, grow, and function properly, such as energy for activities, building and repairing tissues, and regulating body processes. |
| biogeochemical cycles | is the path and transformation of a chemical element, like carbon or nitrogen, as it moves through living organisms (biotic components) and their nonliving surroundings (abiotic components), such as the atmosphere, water, and soil. |
| primary producers | is an organism, such as a plant or alga, that creates its own food by converting light energy or chemical energy into organic matter through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis. |
| photosynthesis | the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll and generates oxygen as a byproduct. |
| consumers | is an organism that cannot produce its own food and obtains energy by eating or consuming other organisms. |
| decomposers | is an organism, such as a fungus or bacterium, that breaks down dead or decaying organic matter into simpler substances, a process vital for recycling nutrients back into an ecosystem. |
| cellular respiration | is the metabolic process in which cells convert glucose and oxygen into usable energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water. |
| eutrophication | the process of eutrophication has consequences that occur at the cellular level. |
| nitrogen fixation | is the process of converting inert atmospheric nitrogen gas (N₂) into ammonia (NH₃) or other nitrogen compounds, making it available for living organisms like plants. |
Created by:
Grace0