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Academic Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Affect | To cause a change in something. |
| Analyze | To study something carefully to understand it. |
| Annotate | To add notes or comments to a text. |
| Author | The person who wrote the text. |
| Author's purpose | The reason the author wrote the text (inform, persuade, entertain). |
| Central idea | The most important idea about the topic of a text. |
| Change | To make something different. |
| Character | A person, animal, or being in a story. |
| Challenges | Difficulties or problems to overcome. |
| Citation | A note that shows where information came from (like the author and page number). |
| Climax | The most exciting or important part of the story. |
| Combine | To bring ideas or details together. |
| Compare | To tell how things are alike. |
| Contribute | To add or help bring about something. |
| Context clues | Words or sentences around a word that help you figure out its meaning. |
| Contrast | To tell how things are different. |
| Cope | To deal with something difficult. |
| Describe | To tell what something is like using words. |
| Detail | A small piece of information or fact. |
| Differ | To be different. |
| Difference | How two or more things are not the same. |
| Effect | The result of something happening. |
| Elaborate | To add more details or explain more clearly. |
| Emphasize | Highlight as important. |
| Endure | To keep going even when things are hard. |
| Essay | A short piece of writing about one main topic. |
| Event | Something that happens. |
| Extended constructed response | A longer written answer that explains with evidence and details. |
| Falling action | Events after the climax that lead to the resolution. |
| Fiction | A story made up by the author; not true. |
| Figurative language | Words that create images or comparisons beyond the literal meaning. |
| First person point of view | When the narrator is a character using “I” or “we.” |
| Historical fiction | A made-up story that takes place in the past with real historical details. |
| Identify | To find or name something. |
| Idiom | A phrase that means something different than the words say (ex: “raining cats and dogs”). |
| Illustrate | Explain with examples or pictures. |
| Imagery | Words that appeal to the senses to create a mental picture. |
| Informational | A text that gives facts about a topic. |
| Infer | Use clues from the text and what you already know to figure something out. |
| Main idea | What the text is mostly about. |
| Mood | The feeling a story gives the reader (happy, scary, sad). |
| Negative Tone | Showing a bad or unhappy feeling. |
| Neutral Tone | Not good or bad; in the middle. |
| Nonfiction | Writing that gives facts about real people, places, or events. |
| Persuade | Convince. |
| Plot | The sequence of events in a story. |
| Point of view | The perspective from which a story is told. |
| Poet | A person who writes poetry. |
| Poetry | Writing that uses rhythm, rhyme, or vivid language to express ideas or feelings. |
| Positive Tone | Showing a good or happy feeling. |
| Quotation | Exact words from a text or speaker, shown with quotation marks. |
| Reaction | A response to something that happens. |
| Reader | A person who reads the text. |
| Relevant | Closely connected to the topic. |
| Resolution | The way the problem is solved at the end of a story. |
| Respond | To answer or react to something. |
| Response | The answer or reaction that you give. |
| Reveal | To show or make something known. |
| Revision | Changing ideas or details in writing to make it clearer or stronger. |
| Rising action | Events that build up to the most exciting part of the story. |
| Second person point of view | When the narrator speaks to “you.” |
| Setting | The time and place of a story. |
| Short constructed response | A short written answer with evidence from the text. |
| Significance | Why something is important. |
| Similar | Almost the same. |
| Speaker | A person telling the story. |
| Stanza | A group of lines in a poem. |
| Summarize | To briefly tell the main points of a story or text. |
| Supporting detail | A fact or example that helps explain the main idea. |
| Text feature | Parts of a text like headings, captions, or charts that help readers. |
| Third person point of view | When the narrator tells the story about “he,” “she,” or “they.” |
| Tone | The author’s attitude or feeling in the text. |
| Transformation | A big change in form or character. |