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Consciousness
Psych Unit 1, part 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Does all of our processing reach consciousness? | No |
| Consciousness defined | Our subjective awareness of ourselves and the world around us |
| Selective Attention | focusing awareness on a particular stimulus, while ignoring most other stimuli |
| Cocktail Party Effect | attention is focused on one aspect of the environment |
| Inattentional blindness | failure to perceive a stimulus that isn't intended (mind wandering) |
| Change Blindness | failing to notice changes in the environment (a form of inattentional blindness) |
| Dual processing | information is often simultaneously processed on a separate conscious and unconscious track |
| Why does the brain process information? | To build a reality |
| Would we know if our brain built up reality incorrectly? | No |
| Location and what the object is are processed where? | Two different parts of the brain |
| Blind Sight | when a person can respond to a visual stimulus without consciously experiencing it |
| What happens when there is damage to the visual cortex? | Some information gets through, just not to the conscious |
| Parallel Processing | processing multiple aspects of a stimulus |
| Sequential Processing | processing one aspect of a stimulus |
| Sleep | periodic, natural loss of conciousness |
| Circadian Rythm | biological clock (24 hours), regular body rhythms |
| Hippocampus during sleep | sends out activation to parts of the body that has taken in info. |
| Why does the hippocampus reactivate parts of the brain? | To strengthen connections between neurons |
| Suprachiasmatic nucleus | Produces melatonin |
| melatonin | Hormone that induces drowsiness, keeps body on a regular clock |
| What are the sleep stages? | Alpha, delta, REM |
| What is the difference between the levels of sleep? | Different sizes of brain waves |
| What stage do dreams mostly occur in? | REM stage |
| What happens to REM sleep as we progress to morning? | You get more and more |
| REM sleep | Aroused physiology |
| Reasons we sleep | Protective, recuperate, memory, growth |
| Dreams | Images, thoughts, and emotions passing through the sleeping mind |
| What happens when someone is dreaming? | Change in brain wave frequency |
| Freud's theories of dreams | Manifest and latent content, all dreams have meaning |
| How does the brain file away memories? | The hippocampus converts daily life into long term storage |
| What are strong connections between neurons? | Memory |
| What happens when neurons weaken? | Forget memories |
| Psychoactive drugs | causes changes in mood and perceptions |
| Substance use disorder | Continued substance use |
| How do drugs alter the brain? | They are the same size and shape as neurotransmitters |
| What do drugs do once they enter the brain? | Bind to receptor sites and trigger neurons to become active |
| How are blood vessels in the brain different than those in the body? | much tighter, creates a barrier to prevent bad things from entering the brain |
| What can pass through the blood-brain barrier? | Fat soluble chemicals |
| Result of continued usage of drugs | The body stops making the neurotransmitter, develop a dependence |
| Withdrawal | Body enters a deficit stage |
| Categories of psychoactive drugs | Depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens |
| Depressants | Calm neural activity and slows body functions |
| Are depressants targeted? | No, causes impaired judgement and decision making |
| Alcohol | Slows neural processing, disrupts connections between neurons |
| How do drugs cause memory impairment | Memory relies on neural activity |
| Stimulants | increases body functions, excites neural activity |
| Hallucinogens | Disrupts perception and evokes sensory images |
| What must happen in order to have a hallucinogen? | Neurotransmitters must increase brain activity |
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