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Exam 2.1

QuestionAnswer
What time period does an A1c measure? It measures A1C over the past 2-3 months
pH normal range 7.35-7.45
HCO3 normal range 22-26
PCO2 normal range 35-45
Fasting blood glucose normal range 70-100
Normal glucose range 70-126
Hemoglobin A1C normal range <6.5 is normal , greater is diabetes
Hypoglycemia signs and symptoms Sweating, tremors, confusion, tachycardia, LOC
Hypoglycemia tx 15g rapid acting carbs, 15 minute check
Hyperglycemia Signs and sx Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia
Hyperglycemia tx Insulin, hydration, monitor electrolytes
Long Term effects of Hyperglycemia Micro Retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy
Long term effects of hyperglycemia macro CAD, PAD, stroke
Type 1 mgmt Insulin therapy, carb counting, sick day rules
Type 2 mgmt Diet modification, weight loss, PO meds
FVE sx, labs, tx Edema, crackles, weight gain, JVD. Decrease in hematocrit, BUN, and specific gravity. Tx is diuretics and fluid restriction
FVD sx, labs, tx Dry mucous membranes, hypotension, tachycardia, and poor skin turgor. Causes increase in BUN, hematocrit, and specific gravity. Tx is IV fluids and oral rehydration
 

 



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