the thin layer of rock that forms Earth's outer surface on land and in the ocean.

the layer of very hot but mostly solid rock beneath Earth's crust.

the layer of Earth below the mantle.

one of the rigid layers of the lithosphere

a mountain, island, or continent, formed by the collisions and separations of tectonic plates.

the movement and accumulation of eroded soil.

a change in a state from a liquid to a gas

the release of water vapor by plants through their leaves.

the return of water from the atmosphere to the Earth's surface in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail.

a change in state from a vapor to a liquid.

a spongelike formation of rock, sand, or gravel that holds water.

fresh water found under below Earth's surface.

law conservation of matter

the principle that states that matter can change form but cannot be created or destroyed.

matter that organisms need to carry out their life processes.

the circulation of nutrients through the atmosphere; also called nutrient cycle.

an organism that can capture energy from the sun or from chemicals and store it; also called autotroph.

the process by which primary producers use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars, releasing oxygen.

an organism that relies on other organisms for energy and nutrients; also called heterotroph

an organism (ex: a fungus or bacterium) that breaks down nonliving matter into simple parts that can then be taken up and reused by primary producers.

the process by which organisms use oxygen to release the chemical energy of sugars, producing carbon dioxide and water.

the introduction of phosphorus and nitrogen into a body of water that leads to an overgrowth of algae and other producers.

the conversion of nitrogen gas into ammonia

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Chapter 3 Lesson 3-4

Vocabulary

Term	Definition
crust	the thin layer of rock that forms Earth's outer surface on land and in the ocean.
mantle	the layer of very hot but mostly solid rock beneath Earth's crust.
core	the layer of Earth below the mantle.
tectonic plate	one of the rigid layers of the lithosphere
landform	a mountain, island, or continent, formed by the collisions and separations of tectonic plates.
deposition	the movement and accumulation of eroded soil.
evaporation	a change in a state from a liquid to a gas
transpiration	the release of water vapor by plants through their leaves.
precipitation	the return of water from the atmosphere to the Earth's surface in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail.
condensation	a change in state from a vapor to a liquid.
aquifer	a spongelike formation of rock, sand, or gravel that holds water.
groundwater	fresh water found under below Earth's surface.
law conservation of matter	the principle that states that matter can change form but cannot be created or destroyed.
nutrient	matter that organisms need to carry out their life processes.
biogeochemical cycle	the circulation of nutrients through the atmosphere; also called nutrient cycle.
primary producer	an organism that can capture energy from the sun or from chemicals and store it; also called autotroph.
photosynthesis	the process by which primary producers use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars, releasing oxygen.
consumer	an organism that relies on other organisms for energy and nutrients; also called heterotroph
decomposer	an organism (ex: a fungus or bacterium) that breaks down nonliving matter into simple parts that can then be taken up and reused by primary producers.
cellular respiration	the process by which organisms use oxygen to release the chemical energy of sugars, producing carbon dioxide and water.
eutrophication	the introduction of phosphorus and nitrogen into a body of water that leads to an overgrowth of algae and other producers.
nitrogen fixation	the conversion of nitrogen gas into ammonia

Created by: ellisha

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