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Psych Unit 1 part 2

QuestionAnswer
Biological Psychology the study of the links between biological and psychological processes
Neuroplasticity The brain's ability to change through life
Why do neurons change size and shape? To better communication
Dendrite receives messages from other neurons
Axon Sends signals to neurons
Terminal buttons house and release neurotransmitters
Myelin Sheath insulation of axon
Resting potential -70 mV
Action potential +40 mV
Threshold of excitation -60 mV
Resting state negative charged inside the cell, nonactive charge, sodium will drain into the cell
Threshold state charge to reach action potential
Synapse space between neurons
What do neurons fire on? action potential or nothing
When do neurons give off different responses? When they fire
The Nervous System Central and peripheral systems
Central Nervous System brain and spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System body (minus brain)
Which system controls the other? The central controls the peripheral
Autonomic Part of the peripheral system that controls automatic systems (keeps us alive)
Somatic Sensory input, motor output
Spinal cord axons that make synapses with other neurons, back and forth information
Reflexes Occur without the brain
Sensory neurons Connect directly to the spinal cord, signals the muscles to contract
Endocrine system Chemical communication system, hormones
What do hormones influence? Brain stimuli and behavior
How does environment effect the endocrine system? Stimuli effects and changes hormones
What is the boss of the endocrine system? The hypothalamus
Hypothalamus Controls the pituitary gland to secrete hormones which influences all other glands
The Four F's of survival Fighting, feeding, fleeting, and mating
Does brain tissue heal itself? No
Result of traumatic brain injury Damage to neurons, loss of a specific behavior
Microelectrodes very fine electrode used to record individual neurons
Macroelectrodes Used to record electrical activity of a large number of neurons in a specific region
Tools to study the structure of a living brain CT scans, MRI, DTI
Tools to record metabolic and synaptic activity Functional imaging, PET, FMRI,
Where does blood flow to? The area with the most activity
What happens when the activity of a particular region increases? The metabolic rate and blood flow also increase
Thalamus Sensory output control center
Limbic system Emotional center
Amygdalina Fear and aggression
Hippocampus converts short term memory into long term memory
What are the four lobes of the brain? Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal
Frontal lobe speaking, muscle movements, judgement
Parietal Sensory processing
Occipital Visual processing
Temporal Auditory processing
Motor cortex Right hemisphere controls the body's left side
Somatosensory cortex Left hemisphere receives input from the body's right side
Neuroplasticity Concept that the brain is always changing
Split brains Surgery that results in two independent hemispheres
Corpus callosum Connects two cerebral hemispheres
What happens when the brain is split? Not much, the two sides can't talk to one another
Behavioral genetics The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior
What is the brain made up of? A combination of genetics and environment
Chromosomes 23 from mother (egg), 23 from father (sperm)
What are adoption studies? Behavioral
Epigenetics The study of the molecular mechanisms allowing environment to influence genetic expression
Evolutionary psychology the study of what makes us so similar as humans
Key of human survival mating and having offspring
3 characteristics of evolution trait variation, traits under genetic control, traits lead to enhanced reproductive opportunities
Do humans meet the 3 components of evolution? Yes
Created by: user-1986160
 

 



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