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Unit 1 History Test
Renaissance and Reformation 10/2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| naturalism | truth to nature |
| nationalism | pride in your nationality |
| vernacular | common language |
| patron | to give financial support (rich families patroned painters) |
| renaissance | cultural rebirth of Green and Roman culture, lasted about 300 years |
| Lorenzo de Medici | "The Magnificent" famous patron |
| Johannes Gutenberg | made the printing press |
| Albrecht Durer | From Neutenberg, Germany. "German Leonardo" skilled in many arts |
| Leonardo da Vinci | "Renaissance man" painted 'Last Supper' and 'Mona Lisa' |
| Michelangelo | Educated at Medici Palace, skilled in many arts, sculptures are Preta and David |
| humanism | new intellectual movement, valued active participation in public life |
| Petrarch | one of the earliest humanist writers, wrote SONNETS |
| satire | humorously critical observations |
| Erasmus | wrote the Greek New Testement with Latin Translation. wrote SATIRE |
| Niccolo Machiavelli | From Florence, Italy. Italian Writer, wrote the Prince, worked for the Medicis |
| indulgences | special pardons |
| Protestants | Luther and other reformers became known as Protestants for their protests against the Roman Cathloic Church |
| liturgy | a form of worship |
| Martin Luther | German monk who believed strongly in God, wrote 95 theses |
| John Calvin | believed that only an elect group of believers chosen by God were the only true Christians |
| Henry VIII | Bad king who had 6 wives |
| Ulrich Zwingli | A priest who didn't believe in false gods. He questioned acts of the Church |
| Catherine of Aragon | 1st wife- gave Henry Mary. Henry divorced her |
| Anne Boleyn | 2nd wife- birthed Elizabeth, rumors of affairs so she was beheaded |
| Jane Seymour | 3rd wife- Henry's most beloved wife, she gave him Edward and died |
| Anne of Cleves | 4th wife- Henry agreed to marry her off of a painting, he didn't like her so he divorced her |
| Catherine Howard | 5th wife- she cheated on Henry, so she was beheaded |
| Catherine Parr | 6th wife- Henry was going to behead her but he died before he could so she survived |
| Charles I/V | took the Hasburg throne at 16 years old, when he became Holy Roman Emporer, he was Charles V |
| Phillip II | Charles's son, married Mary, was an absolute monarch, tried to fight against the Protestant refromation |
| piety | devotion to the church |
| canonize | to be recognized as a saint by the Cathloic Church |
| Ignatius of Loyola | Spanish noble to beggar. He believed that through meditation and prayer, people could be closer to God. He basically started Jesuits |
| After the plague weakened the economy, who took control of the government in Florence? | Cosomo de Medici |
| Which northern artist was the first to apply Italian innovations to his own work? | Albrecht Durer |
| Which type of writing is Erasmus best known for? | Satire |
| Why did the King of England break from the Roman Catholic Church | Basically to divorce his wife |
| What did Martin Luther, John Wycliffe, Jan Hus, and Erasmus have in common? | they were all part of the Refromation |
| Which faith did the Habsburg family try to impose on Europe? | Catholicism |
| What was the goal of the Inquisition | To convert people to Catholicism |
| Who designed a dome for the cathedral of Florence? | Filippo brunelleshi |
| What did Johannes Gutenberg contribute during the time of the Renaissance? | the printing press |
| What did Martin Luther critisize in his 95 theses? | The church, indulgences |
| What were the goals of a humanist education? | To teach people to contribute to the common good by taking part in public life |
| Why were the Anabaptists persecuted? | They rejected infant baptism |
| Who did the Edict of Nantes give limited rights to? | Hugenots |
| Which of the following did not contribute to Martin Luther's success? | Support of the Pope |
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