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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Matter | all material in the universe that has mass and occupies space |
| Atom | the basic units of matter |
| Element | chemical substances with a given set of properties that cannot be broken down into substances with other |
| nucleus | central core containing called protons and neutrons |
| molecule | a combination of two or more atoms of the same type or of different types joined by covalent bonds |
| compound | made up of two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom (H2O) |
| hydrocarbon | organic compounds containing only hydrogen and carbon |
| solution | A mixture in which all the ingredients are evenly distributed. |
| macromolecule | Proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates, and lipids. |
| protein | polymers that serve many functions in organisms. |
| nucleic acid | macromolecules that direct protein production. |
| carbohydrate | polymers that consist of atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. |
| lipid | a chemically diverse group of macromolecules that are classified together because they do not dissolve in water. |
| pH | the measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. |
| feedback loop | a cyclical process. |
| erosion | the removal of soil by water, wind, ice, or gravity. |
| geosphere | all of the rocks on and below earth's surface. |
| lithosphere | the outermost layer of earth. |
| biosphere | The earth and all of its organisms and environments. |
| atmosphere | the thin layer of gases that surround earth |
| hydrosphere | all the water salt and fresh on earth in any form |