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directional term
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| anterior | Toward the front of the body. |
| posterior | Toward the back of the body |
| superior | Above or higher on the body. |
| inferior | Below or lower on the body |
| medial | Toward the middle of the body |
| lateral | Away from the middle of the body |
| proximal | Closer to the point of attachment or origin. |
| distal | Farther from the point of attachment or origin. |
| coronal/frontal plane | A vertical plane that divides the body into front and back parts |
| sagittal plane | A vertical plane that divides the body into left and right parts |
| Axial (Transverse) Plane | A horizontal plane that divides the body into top and bottom parts. |
| Dorsal Cavity | The body cavity along the back that holds the brain and spinal cord |
| ventral cavity | The body cavity along the front that holds the chest and abdominal organs |
| cranial cavity | The space inside the skull that holds the brain. |
| vertebral cavity | The space inside the spine that holds the spinal cord |
| thoracic cavity | The chest cavity that holds the heart and lungs |
| pelvic cavity | The lower part of the ventral cavity that holds the bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum |
| abdominal cavity | The part of the ventral cavity between the chest and pelvis that holds digestive organs like the stomach, liver, and intestines |