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Directional Term

TermDefinition
Anterior Toward the front of the body; in front of.
Posterior Toward the back of the body; behind.
Superior Toward the head or upper part of the body; above.
Inferior Away from the head; toward the lower part of the body; below.
Medial Toward the midline of the body.
Lateral Away from the midline of the body; toward the sides.
Proximal Closer to the point of attachment to the body (usually used when talking about arms and legs).
Distal Farther from the point of attachment to the body (usually used when talking about arms and legs).
Coronal/Frontal plane A vertical plane that divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) sections.
Sagittal plane A vertical plane that divides the body into left and right sections.
Axial/Transverse plane A horizontal plane that divides the body into superior (top) and inferior (bottom) sections.
Dorsal Cavity (cavities it includes) The body cavity is located along the back (posterior) side of the body. It includes the Cranial Cavity – houses the brain and nSpinal (Vertebral) Cavity – houses the spinal cord.
Ventral Cavity (structure it includes) The body cavity is located along the front (anterior) side of the body. It includes the Thoracic Cavity – contains the heart and lungs. Abdominopelvic Cavity – contains the digestive organs, reproductive organs, and urinary organs.
Cranial Cavity (structure it includes) A cavity within the dorsal cavity that houses the brain.
Vertebral Cavity (structure it includes) A cavity within the dorsal cavity that houses and protects the spinal cord.
Thoracic cavity (organs it includes) A cavity within the ventral cavity located in the chest, protected by the rib-cage. It includes the Heart, Lungs, Esophagus, Trachea and the Thymus gland.
Pelvic cavity (organs it includes) A cavity within the abdominopelvic portion of the ventral cavity, located below the abdominal cavity. It includes the Bladder Reproductive organs (e.g., uterus, ovaries in females; prostate in males) and Rectum.
Abdominal cavity (organs it includes) A cavity within the abdominopelvic portion of the ventral cavity, located between the thoracic and pelvic cavities. It includes the Stomach, Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas, Spleen,Small intestine and Most of the large intestine
Created by: user-1985987
 

 



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