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Biology 10/11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The most widely accepted model for the structure of cell membraines | Fluid Mosaic Model |
| A phospholipid is a molecule consisting of | glycerol, two fatty acids and a phosphate-linked head group. |
| Difference between passive and active transport | Passive transport: does not require energy Active transport: requires energy |
| The most important way that materials move in living organisms | Diffusion |
| Materials diffuse across the plasma membrane with the help of membrane proteins | Facilitated diffusion |
| Transmembrane proteins that fold to form a channel or pore through the membrane | Channel proteins |
| Channel proteins that allow water to pass through membrane at a very high rate | Aquaporins |
| Another type of transmembrane transporter protein | Carrier Protein |
| Another term for glucose transport proteins | GLUT |
| The diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane | Osmosis |
| Describes how an extra cellar solution can change the volume of a cell by affecting osmosis | Tonicity |
| Total solute concentration of the solution | Osmolarity |
| If a cell is in a ________ solution, the extracellular fluid has lower osmolarity than the cytoplasm. | Hypotonic (hypo="lower") |
| If a cell is in a ________ solution, the extracellular fluid has a higher osmolarity than the cytoplasm. | Hypertonic (hyper="more") |
| If a cell is in an ________ solution, the extracellular fluid has the same osmolarity as the cell. | Isotonic (iso="same") |
| Higher concentration of water than does the cell, Water will move down its concentration gradient and enter the cell | Hypotonic |
| Since the fluid contains less water than the cell does, water will leave the cell. | Hypertonic |
| No net movement of water into or out of the cell (although water will still move in and out) | Isotonic |
| The turgor pressure within a cell depends on the ______ of a solution that it is bathed in. | Tonicity |
| Living things control the effects of osmosis by | Osmoregulation |
| Glycoproteins are found on the... | outer layer of the cell membrane. |
| Key role of glycolipids and glycoproteins in the plasma membrane. | Cell identification |
| Which type of membrane protein will be used to bind to hormones? | Receptor proteins |
| What type of membrane protein is involved in creating anchoring junctions between animal cells? | Transport proteins |
| Proteins that are embedded within, and extend across, the phospholipid bilayer are called _________ proteins. | integral |
| Phospholipid bilayer more fluid/permeable = tails ______ saturated | less |
| Molecule adds stiffness and strength to the plasma membrane | Cholesterol |
| The plasma membrane is.... | selective permeable |
| Plasma membrane contains how many layers of phospholipids? | Two |
| Lipid with a head and 2 tails is called? | Phospholipid |
| According to the fluid-mosaic model of membrane structure: proteins _______ inside or _______ the phospholipid bilayer. | float; within |
| True or false: A cell membrane serves as a site for protein synthesis. | False |
| Type of membrane proteins involved in passing ions across membranes. | Carrier proteins; Channel proteins |
| Hypertonic means= | a higher solute concentration. |
| The sodium-potassium pump moves | sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell. |
| Proteins do not pass through plasma membranes because | they are very large molecules. |
| Pinocytosis is the process in which the cell... | internalizes (drinks) a droplet of interstitial fluid. |
| A white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is an example of | phagocytosis |
| Which process does not require a concentration gradient? | Active transport |
| Bringing solutions into a cell | Pinocytosis |
| Uptake of cholesterol into cells is an example of | receptor-mediated exocytosis |
Created by:
LHigh89