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AZY456
(CIvilization Unit vocab Give credit to Andrew plz)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Prehistory | The period of the time before writing was invented |
| historian | A person who studies how people lived in the past |
| Artifact | An object made by human beings |
| Anthropolgy | The study or the orgins and development of people and their societies |
| culture | The way of life of a society, which is handed down from one generation to the next by learning and experience. |
| Archaeology | The study of people and cultures through material remains |
| Olduvai Gorge | Eastern Africa made of numerous sedimentary layers of ash and lava deposited over millions of year. Provided archaeologists with a geological yard stick for measuring the age of early stone tools and hominid bones excavated at the site. |
| technology | The skills and tools people use to meet their basic needs. |
| Mary Leakey | Traveled throughout Europe visiting numerous prehistorical sites, increased interest in archaeology and geology. Spent 30 years digging increased our understanding of early hominids. |
| Louis Leakey | He is an archaeologist marry to Mary, searched for the remains of carry humans in East Africa, found many tools and bones helping us on the understanding of early humans. |
| Donald Johnson | Found one of the most important early humans in history, Lucy aq skeleton. After studying her bones, Johnson concluded that Lucy walked upright and was about 4 feet tall. |
| Old Stone Age | The era of prehistory that lasted from 2 million B.C. to about 9000B.C. |
| paleolithic period | The era of prehistory that lasted from at least 2 million B.C. to about 9000B.C. also called old stone age. |
| new stone age | The final era of prehistory, which began about 9000B.C. ; also called the New Stone Age. |
| Nomad | Person who moves from place to place in search of foods. |
| animism | The belief that spirts and forces live within animals, objects, or dreams. |
| Neolithic revolution | The period of time during which the introduction of agriculture led people to transition from nomatic to settled life. |
| domesticate | To tame animals and adapt crops so they are best suited to use by humans. |
| Catal Huyuk | One of the world's first villages, established in modern- day Turkey around 7000 B.C. |
| Jericho | The world's first village, established in the modern - day west Bank between 10,000 and 9000B.C. |
| surplus | An amount that is more than needed; excess. |
| Traditional economy | Economy that relies on habit, custom, or ritual and tends not to change over time. |
| Civilization | An advanced stage of human society marked by a well organized government and high levels of culture, science, and industry |
| steppe | sparse, dry, treeless grassland. |
| polytheistic | Believing in many gods. |
| artisan | A skilled craftsperson |
| pictograph | A simple drawing that looks like the object it represents. |
| cribe | In ancient civilizations, a person specially trained to read, write, and keep records. |
| cultural diffustion | The spread of ideas, customs, and technologies from one people to another. |
| City state | A political unit that includes a city and its surrounding lands and villages. |
| Empire | A group of states or territories controlled by one ruler. |
| Economics | the study of how we manage scarcity |
| scarcity | to be in short supply: shortage |
| Fertile Crescent | region of the middle east in which civilizations first arose |
| mesopotamia | region within the Fertile crescent that lies between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. |
| Sumer | Site of the world's first civilization, located, in southeastern mesopotamia. |
| Epic of Gilgamesh | Mesopotamian narrative poem that was first told in sumer. |
| Hierarchy | System of ranking groups. |
| Ziggurat | In ancient mesopotamia, a large, stepped platform thought to have been topped by a temple dedicated to a city-state's chief god or godness. |
| Cuneiform | In the ancient middle east a system of writing that used wedge shaped marks. |
| Codify | To arrange or set down in writing. |
| Civil law | Branch of law that deals with private rights and matters. |
| Criminal lae | Branch of law that deals with offense against each other. |
| bureaucracy | System of government through departments and subdivisions administered by officie's who follow set rules. |
| Barter economy | Economic system in which one set of goofs or services is exchanged for another. |
| Money economy | Economics systems in which goods or services are paid for through the exchange of a token of an agreed value. |
| colony | Territory settled and ruled by people from another land. |
| alphabet | writing system in which each symbol represents a single basic sound. ABC if no no u stoopid |
| Sargon | He reigned from 2334 B.C. to 2279 B.C. He is known for creating the first empire in mesopotamia. |
| hammurabi | First king of babylonian empire. He inherited the power from his father, who extended Babylon's control across Mesopotamia. Hammurabi is known for writing the first code of law in recorded history. |
| Nebechadnezzar | Was king of babylonian empire from 605B.C. to 562B.C. led several military campaigns, which expanded the empire to Aranea, Judah, and other cities. Rebuilt the city of Babylonian have credited on construction of the Famous gardens. |
| Zoroaster | Iranian religious reformer and founder of zeroastrianism. he emphasized individual freedom and individual responsibility for one's actions. His ideas influenced the early development of philosophy. |
| Subcontinent | Large landmass that juts out from a continent |
| plateau | raised area of level land |
| Monsoon | Seasonal wind that regularly blows from a certain direction for part of the year. |
| Harappa | Large ancient city of the Indus Civilization, located present day Pakistan. |
| Mohenjo Daro | Ancient city of the Indus Civilization, located in present - day pakistan |
| Veneration | Special regard (LAST ONE) |
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