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Bones of the Body
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Skull AX | Bony structure protecting the brain |
| Frontal Bone AX | Forehead bone |
| Temporal Bone (L/R) AX | Bones around the ears |
| Maxilla (AX) | Upper jawbone. |
| Mandible (AX) | Lower jawbone, only movable skull bone. |
| Zygomatic Bone (L/R) (AX) | Cheekbones |
| Occipital Bone (AX) | Back and base of the skull |
| Parietal Bone (L/R) (AX) | Sides and roof of the skull. |
| Sphenoid (AX) | Butterfly-shaped bone at skull base |
| Ethmoid (AX) | Light, spongy bone between the eyes |
| Lacrimal (L/R) (AX) | Small bones forming eye socket inner corner |
| Nasal (L/R) (AX) | Small bones forming bridge of the nose. |
| Sternum (AX) | Breastbone, central chest bone. |
| Manubrium (AX) | Upper part, articulates with clavicles. |
| Body (AX) | Long middle section. |
| Xyphoid Process (AX) | Small lower tip of sternum |
| Radius (AP) | Forearm bone on the thumb side. |
| Ulna (AP) | Forearm bone on the little finger side |
| Phalanges (AP) | Finger and toe bones |
| Hallux (AP) | Big Toe |
| Pollux (AP) | Thumb |
| Scapula (AP | Shoulder blade |
| Tibia (AP) | Shin bone, larger lower leg bone. |
| Fibula (AP) | Thinner bone alongside tibia |
| Pelvis (AP) | Hip bones |
| Ilium (AP) | Broad upper pelvis |
| Ischium (AP) | Lower back pelvis (sit bone) |
| Pubis (AP) | Front portion |
| Patella (AP) | Kneecap |
| Humerus (AP) | Upper arm bone. |
| Rib Cage (AX) | Protects chest organs. |
| True Ribs (1–7) (AX) | Attach directly to sternum. |
| False Ribs (8–10) (AX) | Indirectly attach via cartilage |
| Floating Ribs (11–12) (AX | Do not attach to sternum. |
| Vertebral Column (AX) | Spine, protects spinal cord |
| Cervical (C1–C7) (AX) | Neck vertebrae. |
| Thoracic (T1–T12) (AX) | Mid-back vertebrae. |
| Lumbar (L1–L5) (AX) | Lower back vertebrae. |
| Sacral (4 fused) (AX) | Forms sacrum. |
| Coccyx (3–5 fused) (AX) | Tailbone. |
| Carpals (AP) | Wrist bones. |
| Metacarpals (AP | Palm bones |
| Femur (AP) | Thigh bone, longest bone. |
| Tarsals (AP) | Ankle bones. |
| Metatarsals (AP) | Foot bones between ankle and toes. |
| Clavicle (AP) | Collarbone |
| Ligaments | Fibrous tissue connecting bone to bone. |
| Articular Cartilage | Smooth covering on joint surfaces. |
| Joint | Point where two bones meet. |
| Fossa | Shallow depression in a bone. |
| Fovea | Small pit or depression. |
| Foramen | Opening in bone for nerves/vessels |
| Tubercle | Small rounded projection. |
| Tuberosity | Large rounded bump for muscle attachment |
| Spinous Process | Bony projection off vertebrae |
| Condyle / Epicondyle | Rounded joint surface / bump above it. |
| Malleolus | Ankle projections (inner/outer). |
| Trochanter | Large femur projection for muscle attachment |
| Sinus | Air-filled cavity in a bone. |
| Sulcus | Grove in a bone |
| Diaphysis | Shaft of a long bone |
| Epiphysis | End of a long bone. |
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