1901-1963; President of South Vietnam 1955-1963; Buddhists hated him for favoritism toward Roman Catholics; established an autocracy; died in a coup

1909-1972; president of Ghana 1957-1966; leader in Ghanian independence movement; Christian and Socialist;

Mohammed Reza Pahlavi

1919-1980; former shah of Iran; tried to improve the economy, challenged the existing the hierarchy, forced into exile in 1979

1919-1963; Soviet double agent for the British; debatably the West's most important spy; arrested for treason in 1962; circumstances of death unclear

1939-2017; Soviet officer who ignored suspicious missile-strike signal and may have saved the world from nuclear annihilation;

1912-1988; double agent for the Soviets; debatably the most successful double-agent; member of "Cambridge Five" spy ring;

1915-2006; led coup against Allende; head of Chile government 1974-1990; improved economy, but created a dictatorship;

1889-1953; leader of Social Democratic party of Germany; mayor of West Berlin; led West Berlin through 1948-49 blockades;

1875-1965; first president of South Korea; became dictator; released thousands of North Korean prisoners to sabotage truce talks during Korean War;

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg

First American citizens to be executed for spying; delivered secrets of the atomic bomb to the USSR; both executed in 1953;

1909-1994; secretary of state under Kennedy and Johnson; target of antiwar hatred for his defense of Vietnam War

1918-1981; president of Egypt 1970-1981; assassinated; shared 1978 Nobel Peace Prize for peace talks with Israel;

1921-1989; Soviet nuclear physicist; won Nobel peace prize in 1975 for his efforts against Soviet human rights abuse; worked on Soviet hydrogen bomb

1928-2014; former president of Georgia, 1992-2003; former foreign minister of USSR; proponent of glasnost and perestroika;

Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn

1918-2008; 1970 Nobel prize winning Soviet author; Served in WW II; spent eight years imprisoned for writing criticizing Stalin;

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Ngo-Solzhenitsyn

Term	Definition
Ngo Dinh Diem	1901-1963; President of South Vietnam 1955-1963; Buddhists hated him for favoritism toward Roman Catholics; established an autocracy; died in a coup
Kwame Nkrumah	1909-1972; president of Ghana 1957-1966; leader in Ghanian independence movement; Christian and Socialist;
Mohammed Reza Pahlavi	1919-1980; former shah of Iran; tried to improve the economy, challenged the existing the hierarchy, forced into exile in 1979
Oleg Penkovsky	1919-1963; Soviet double agent for the British; debatably the West's most important spy; arrested for treason in 1962; circumstances of death unclear
Stanislav Petrov	1939-2017; Soviet officer who ignored suspicious missile-strike signal and may have saved the world from nuclear annihilation;
Harold 'Kim' Philby	1912-1988; double agent for the Soviets; debatably the most successful double-agent; member of "Cambridge Five" spy ring;
Augusto Pinochet	1915-2006; led coup against Allende; head of Chile government 1974-1990; improved economy, but created a dictatorship;
Ernst Reuter	1889-1953; leader of Social Democratic party of Germany; mayor of West Berlin; led West Berlin through 1948-49 blockades;
Syngman Rhee	1875-1965; first president of South Korea; became dictator; released thousands of North Korean prisoners to sabotage truce talks during Korean War;
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg	First American citizens to be executed for spying; delivered secrets of the atomic bomb to the USSR; both executed in 1953;
Dean Rusk	1909-1994; secretary of state under Kennedy and Johnson; target of antiwar hatred for his defense of Vietnam War
Anwar al-Sadat	1918-1981; president of Egypt 1970-1981; assassinated; shared 1978 Nobel Peace Prize for peace talks with Israel;
Andrei Sakharov	1921-1989; Soviet nuclear physicist; won Nobel peace prize in 1975 for his efforts against Soviet human rights abuse; worked on Soviet hydrogen bomb
Eduard Shevardnadze	1928-2014; former president of Georgia, 1992-2003; former foreign minister of USSR; proponent of glasnost and perestroika;
Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn	1918-2008; 1970 Nobel prize winning Soviet author; Served in WW II; spent eight years imprisoned for writing criticizing Stalin;

Created by: Holivarez

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