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PoliSci MIDTERMS
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| how does Aristotle describe politics? | Politics is master of science |
| What are the 4 basic concepts? | Power, authority, legitimacy, common goods |
| What are the 3 types of power? | Coercion, Inducement, Persuasion |
| What is coercion? an example? | use of force or threat , Russia invasion of Ukraine |
| What is inducement? an example? | offering reward or bribe, Doug Ford Ontario sending 200$ cheques to homes |
| What is persuasion? an example? | truthful information to encourage people to act in accordance, Many elections like Carney |
| What is influence? | ability to change others behaviour without exerting power |
| How do you define the right to exercise power? | Authority |
| How do you define the acceptance of people to power? | Legitimacy |
| what are 3 types of authority? Briefly define each with small definition | traditional (derived from customs tradition like King), charismatic (derived by personal qualities of leader like Pierre Elliot Trudeau), legal-rational (obtained by legal rulles procedures like police) |
| What is something that benefits all members of political community? | The Common Good |
| Individualism is..? | individuals acting primarily in accordance with their own interest |
| What are the 4 things that form a state? | Government, Sovereignty, Territory, People (citizens) |
| What does sovereignty mean? | That the State is not controlled by another country. It is it's own highest form of authority |
| What are the diffrences between a government and a state? | Government acts on behalf of the state and changes over time. The State is more extensive and is permenant. |
| What are the purposes of the State? | Legislative(law making), Executive( implementing laws), Judicial (interpreting and enforcing law) |
| What is Welfare and some examples? | A state that provides comfortability such as healthcare, housing, education and others |
| What is a state that is unable to enforce laws, maintain order, protect lives, provide basic services? | Failed state |
| Example of a failed state? | Samalia, gov. collapsed, leader left annd began civil war |
| What is a Nation? | Group of people with common identities |
| What is a Nation-State? | Sovereign state based on a shared sense of identity among citizens |
| What is the belief that a nation is unique and should be self-governing, and citizens should owe primary loyalty to it? | Nationalism |
| What are the 2 types of nationalism and a brief definition? | Ethnic Nationalism: based on common ancestry, cultural traditions, languages, etc.. Civic Nationalism: shared political values and political history |
| What is the flaw of Ethnic nationalism? | When extreme can cause discrimination and racism even lead to genocides such as the Holocaust |
| What is Multiculturalism? | recognizing cultural diversity of the country and supporting people of different cultures |
| What are the 2 types of multicuralism with a brief explanation and example of each? | Cultural Melting (soup): expected to become assimilated like USA Cultural Mosaic (salad): preserve culture while contributing to country like Canada |
| What law affirmed that Quebec as a Nation and the only language to be French? | Law 96 |
| What is an ideology? | coherent set of ideas that provides basis for organized political action |
| What are the 3 key historical events in terms of development of idealogies? | Enlightenment, French revoltuion, Industrial revolution (rise of capitalism) |
| Communism and socialism are on what sides on the left-right spectrum? | Left |
| What is the center of the left-right spectrum? | Liberalism |
| Conservatism and Fascism is on what side of the left-right spectrum? | Right |
| What types of liberalism leans toward the right? | Classical liberalism and Neoliberalism |
| What type of liberalism leans toward the left? | Reformist Liberalism |
| What is liberalism and its key value? | key value: individual freedom, they believe human is rational and self interested and should have freedoms like voting and religion they also have equal opportunities in economy |
| What is classical liberalism? | favors limited gov. and a laissez-faire economic system |
| What liberalism emerged in response to failure of laissez-faire to help workers and combines individual freedom and gov intervention? | Reform Liberalism |
| What is the revival of classic liberalism that believes strongly in free market and opposes gov. intervention in ecnomy? | Neoliberalism |
| What liberalism is promoted by conservatives in the USA and Canada? | Neoliberalism |
| What ideology was an outcome of the French Revolution(Edmund Burke)? | Conservatism |
| Conservatives belive humans are...? | Not perfect, low ability to reason, potential do evil, natural unequal |
| Why do some people typically vote for conservatives? | Lower taxation and slow/gradual change (conserve tradition) |
| What are 2 types of conservatism? | The New Right, Social Conservatism |
| How would you describe Social conservatism? | Focus on moral values and is often associated with christian church therefore against abortion, same sex marriage and pre-marital sex |
| How would you describe New Right conservatism? | Combine strong belief free market, minimal gov. intervention and traditional social values. Opposes: cultural mosaic, homosexuality, abortion |
| Who would say: we can understand historical development through the major systems of production + and what is his ideology | Karl Marx : Marxism |
| What ideology studies primarily class division,exploitation and tension (bourgeoisie and proletariat)? | Marxism |
| Which ideology emerged during Industrial revolution? | Socialism |
| What is the critique of capitalism? | Socialism |
| What is the key value of Socialism? | Equality (universal social and economic rights) |
| What are the 3 types of socialism? | Democratic Socialism, Social Democracy, Socialist anarchism |
| NDP is an example of what type of socialism? | Social Democracy |
| The goal for social democracy is to..? | provide welfare state and believe capitalism can be reformed to work for common good |
| What type of socialism favors public ownership of key industries? | Democratic socialism |
| Democratic socialism believes that socialism should be acheived by...? | democratic means = elections |
| Which socialism belives there is no need for government? | Socialist anarchism |
| The belief that state is opressive and thus be eliminated is ..? | Anarchism |
| Socialist anarchism rather work among local communities as well as instead of voting would typically rather...? | Protest |
| The party of the Soviet Union were an example of... | Communism |
| Communism desire to have _____ society | claslsess |
| What iddeology wants collective ownership and "from each according to his abilities, to each according to his needs"? | Communism |
| What is the extreme right wing? | Fascism |
| Fascism combines what 3 things? | extreme nationalism, natural inequality, rejection of liberal democracy and communism |
| what are 3 examples of fascist leaders (German,Italian,Spanish)? | Hitler, Mussolini, Franco |
| What ideology believes community>individual | Fascism |
| Fascists believe to creat a powerful state leaders must run...? | totalitarian, one-party state |
| What are the 2 variants of fascism? | National Socialism (Nazism), Neo-Fascism |
| Emphasis on racial supreriority is which variant of fascism? | National Socialism (Nazism) |
| Giorgia Meloni and her belief of opposition to immigrants, support for populist leader and renewal of fascist ideas today is the variant ....? | Neo-Fascism |
| Mr Frimpong's favourite ideology? | Feminism <3 |
| What is feminism (ik yk but just for the sake of studying) | Belief men and women should be equal, fight for women's rights and elimination of discrimination and violence towards women for their sexe (income, abuse, sexual harrassement ,silence,etc) |
| What are the 3 types of feminism? (LSR) | Liberal feminism, Socialist feminism, Radical feminism |
| Which type of feminism believes that the problem is discrimination and the soltuion is equal rights and freedoms as well as to end unjust laws? | Liberal feminism |
| What type of feminism believes that the patriarchal values rooted in our culture, male dominance and sexual objectification is the problem? (Some can't stand men) | Radical feminism |
| Socialist feminism believes that ______ism and male domination of society oppress women and would be solved by end patriarchy and sexual division of labour | Capitalism |
| When was first wave of feminism ? | 19th century to early 20th century ( equal legal and political rights) |
| When was second wave of feminism? | Early 1960s to 1980s (broader equality like paid employement) |
| When was third wave of feminism? | Early 1990s to early 2010s ( accept diversity like race working class and nonbinary) |
| When was the fourth wave of feminism? | 2013 to the present ( body positivity, rape culture, social media, transgender) |
| What ideology believes human actions have caused environmental problems? | environmentalism |
| Environmentalism rejects _________ism but advocates __________ism | 1. anthropocentrism 2. ecocentrism |
| What do you call meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs? | Sustainable development |
| What are the 5 types of environmentalism? (FREDS) | Free market environmentalism, Reform environmentalism, Eco feminism, Deep ecology and Social ecology |
| Reform environmentalism believes...? | Better science and technology would help address environmental problems (Promote recycling) |
| Free market environmentalism believes...? | that private owners of farms, forests or fishing areas will manage resources more sustainably than government. |
| Deep ecology environmentalism believes...? | anthropocentrism is fundamental cause of environmental degradation and advocates reduction in human population to reduce pressure on environment |
| Social ecology environmentalism believes..? | society and nature are closely connected and interlinked and advocates positive change through social cooperation |
| Eco-feminism environmentalism believes..? | male domination is the cause of environmental degradation and women are more closely related to nature than men |
Created by:
EvPetit