Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Earth system
unit 10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Earth system | encompasses the planet's interconnected components—the atmosphere (air), hydrosphere (water), biosphere (life), and geosphere/lithosphere (rocks, soil, and land). |
| geosphere | the solid Earth, including the crust, mantle, and core, as well as all rocks, minerals, and landforms |
| hydrosphere | the combined mass of all the water on, under, and above Earth's surface, including oceans, lakes, rivers, groundwater, and ice. |
| cryosphere | all frozen water on Earth, including snow, ice sheets, glaciers, sea ice, and permafrost. |
| atmosphere | the layer of gases surrounding a celestial body |
| biosphere | the part of Earth, extending into the atmosphere and ocean, where all living organisms exist, and it is often considered the sum of all Earth's ecosystems, or ecosphere. |
| energy budget | a detailed account of the energy that enters, leaves, and remains within a system, like an organism or Earth itself. |
| air pressure | he force exerted by the weight of the air above a surface |
| mesosphere | the region of the earth's atmosphere above the stratosphere and below the thermosphere, between about 30 and 50 miles (50 and 80 km) in altitude. |
| stratosphere | the layer of the earth's atmosphere above the troposphere, extending to about 32 miles (50 km) above the earth's surface (the lower boundary of the mesosphere). |
| troposphere | he lowest region of the atmosphere, extending from the earth's surface to a height of about 3.7–6.2 miles (6–10 km), which is the lower boundary of the stratosphere. |
| ozone layer | a layer in the earth's stratosphere at an altitude of about 6.2 miles (10 km) containing a high concentration of ozone, which absorbs most of the ultraviolet radiation reaching the earth from the sun. |
| green house effect | the natural process where certain gases in Earth's atmosphere absorb and re-emit infrared radiation (heat) from the Sun, preventing it from escaping directly into space and thus warming the planet. |
| temperature | the degree or intensity of heat present in a substance or object, especially as expressed according to a comparative scale and shown by a thermometer or perceived by touch |
| thermal energy | the total internal energy of a system due to the random motion of its atoms and molecules |
| thermal expansion | the tendency of matter to change its shape, area, or volume in response to changes in temperature. |
| heat | the quality of being hot; high temperature. |
| radiation | energy that moves from one place to another in a form that can be described as waves or particles. |
| convection | a mode of heat transfer that involves the movement of fluids (liquids or gases) where warmer, less dense regions rise and cooler, denser regions sink, creating circulation patterns called convection currents. |
| conduction | the process by which heat or electricity is directly transmitted through a substance when there is a difference of temperature or of electrical potential between adjoining regions, without movement of the material. |
| thermosphere | he uppermost layer of the atmosphere, in which temperature increases as altitude increases |
| wind | the movement of air caused by differences in air pressure |
| Coriolis effect | the curving of the path of a moving object from an otherwise straight path due to Earth’s rotation ( |
| global wind | the movement of air over Earth’s surface in patterns that are worldwide |
| jet stream | a narrow band of strong winds that blow in the upper troposphere |
| local wind | the movement of air over short distances; occurs in specific areas as a result of certain geographical features ( |
| ocean current | a movement of ocean water that follows a regular pattern |
| surface current | a horizontal movement of ocean water that is caused by wind and that occurs at or near the ocean’s surface |
| deep current | a stream like movement of ocean water far below the surface |
| convection current | any movement of matter that results from differences in density; may be vertical, circular, or cyclical |
| upwelling | the movement of deep, cold, and nutrient- rich water to the surface |
Created by:
Colin pitman