the study of the interconnected components of our environment—the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, cryosphere, and biosphere—and how they interact to produce an integrated whole.

made up of all rock and rocky materials on the surface and under the surface of Earth.

A mixture of gases that surrounds a planet,moon,or other celestial body.

The part of Earth where life exists

The net flow of energy into and out of a system.

The measure of force with which air molecules push on a surface.

The uppermost layer in which temperature increases as altitude increases

The layer of the atmosphere between the stratospere and the thermosphere and in which temperature decreases as altitude increases

The layer of the atmospheree that lies between the troposphere and the mesospere and in which temperature increases as altitude increases and contains the ozone layer.

The layer of the atmosphere at an altitude of 15 to 40 km in which ozone absorbs ultraviolet solar radiation.

The warming of the surface and lower atmospere of Earth that occurs when water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other glasses absorb and reradiate energy.

A measure of how hot or cold something is specifically a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object.

The total kinetic energy of a substance's atoms.

An increase in the size of a substance in response to an increase in the temperature of the substance.

The energy transferred between objects that are at different temperatures.

The transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves.

The movement of matter due to differences in density the transfer of energy due to the movement of matter

The transfer of energy as heat through a material

The movement of air caused by differences in air pressure

The curving of the path of a moving object from an otherwise straight path due to Earth;s rotation.

The movement of air over Earth's surface in patterns that are worldwide.

A narrow band of strong winds that blow in the upper troposphere

The movement of air over short distances

A movement of ocean water that follows a regular pattern

A horizontal movement of ocean water that is caused by wind and that occurs at or near the ocean's surface.

a stream like current movement of ocean water far below the surface.

any movement of matter that results from differences in density ;may be vertical

the movement of deep cold and nutrient- rich water to the surface.

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Earth System

Unit 10

Term	Definition
Earth system	the study of the interconnected components of our environment—the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, cryosphere, and biosphere—and how they interact to produce an integrated whole.
geosphere	made up of all rock and rocky materials on the surface and under the surface of Earth.
cryospere	Earth's ice in all its forms.
atmosphere	A mixture of gases that surrounds a planet,moon,or other celestial body.
bioshpere	The part of Earth where life exists
energy budget	The net flow of energy into and out of a system.
air pressure	The measure of force with which air molecules push on a surface.
thermospere	The uppermost layer in which temperature increases as altitude increases
mesospere	The layer of the atmosphere between the stratospere and the thermosphere and in which temperature decreases as altitude increases
stratospere	The layer of the atmospheree that lies between the troposphere and the mesospere and in which temperature increases as altitude increases and contains the ozone layer.
tresospere
ozone layer	The layer of the atmosphere at an altitude of 15 to 40 km in which ozone absorbs ultraviolet solar radiation.
greenhouse effect	The warming of the surface and lower atmospere of Earth that occurs when water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other glasses absorb and reradiate energy.
temperature	A measure of how hot or cold something is specifically a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object.
thermal energy	The total kinetic energy of a substance's atoms.
thermal expansion	An increase in the size of a substance in response to an increase in the temperature of the substance.
heat	The energy transferred between objects that are at different temperatures.
radiation	The transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves.
convection	The movement of matter due to differences in density the transfer of energy due to the movement of matter
conduction	The transfer of energy as heat through a material
wind	The movement of air caused by differences in air pressure
Coriolis effect	The curving of the path of a moving object from an otherwise straight path due to Earth;s rotation.
global wind	The movement of air over Earth's surface in patterns that are worldwide.
jet stream	A narrow band of strong winds that blow in the upper troposphere
local wind	The movement of air over short distances
ocean current	A movement of ocean water that follows a regular pattern
surface current	A horizontal movement of ocean water that is caused by wind and that occurs at or near the ocean's surface.
deep current	a stream like current movement of ocean water far below the surface.
convection current	any movement of matter that results from differences in density ;may be vertical
upwelling	the movement of deep cold and nutrient- rich water to the surface.

Created by: Robyn Williams

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