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earth systems
unit ten
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Earth system | All nonliving thing ,living,and process that make up the planet earth including the solid earth,the hydrosphere,the atmosphere ,and the biosphere. |
| geosphere | The mostly solid ,rocky part of earth; extends from the center of the core to the surface of the crust. |
| hydrosphere | the portion of earth that is water. |
| cryoshere | one of the earth's spheres where water is in solid form,including snow floating Ice glaciers ice caps ice sheets and frozen ground |
| atmosphere | A mixture of gases that surround a planet,moons ,or other bodies. |
| bioshere | the part of earth where life exist; including all of the living organisms on earth |
| energy budget | the net flow of energy into and out of a system. |
| air pressure | the measure of force with which air molecules push on the surface. |
| thermosphere | the uppermost layer of the atmosphere in Which temperature increases as altitude increases. |
| mesosphere | 1.the strong part the lower part of the mantle between the asthenosphere and the outer core.2.the layer of the atmosphere between the stratosphere and the troposphere and in Which temperature decreases as altitude increases |
| stratosphere | the layer of the atmosphere lies between the troposphere and the mesosphere and in Which temp increases as altitude contains the ozone. |
| troposphere | the lower part of the atmosphere in Wich temp drops at a constant rate as altitude increases. the part of the atmosphere where weather exist. |
| ozone layer | The layer of the atmosphere at an altitude of 15-40 km in which ozone absorbs ultervillote light solar radaition |
| green house affect | the warming of the surface and lower atmosphere of earth that occurs when water vapor,carbon dioxide,and other gases absorb and reradiated energy |
| temperature | A measure of how hot or cold something is specifically a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an obejct |
| thermal energy | the total kinetic energy of o substances atoms |
| thermal expansion | An increase of size of an substance rin response to an increase to an increase of temp of a substance |
| heat | the energy transferred between objects that are at different temperature |
| radiation | the transer of energy threw electromagnet waves. |
| convection | the movement of mater due to differences in density ;the transfer of energy due to the movement of matter. |
| conduction | the transfer of energy as heat through a object. |
| wind | the movement of air caused by differences in air pressure. |
| Coriolis affect | the curving of the paths of a moving object from an other wise straight path due to the earth rotation. |
| global wind | the movement of air over Earth's surface in patterns that are world wide. |
| jet stream | A narrow band of strong wind that blows up into the troposhere |
| local wind | the movment of air ove a short area occurs in a specific area as a result of certainty geological features |
| ocean current | A movement of ocean water that follows a pattern |
| surface current | A horizontal movement of ocean water that is caused by the wind and occurs at or near the surface |
| deep current | A stream like movement of ocean water far below the surface |
| convection current | Any moment of matter that results from differences in density may be vertical,circular,or cyclical. |
| upwelling | the movement of deep , cold, and nutrient rich water to the surface |
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