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Bones and Osteons

TermDefinition
-osteo Prefix of a word that relates to bones
Long Bones Bones that are longer than they are wide, they are normally in the limbs that are crucial for moving
Short Bones Bones that are close to equal in length height and width usually in the hands and the feet
Flat Bones A bone that is often thin curves and flat with two hard layers
Irregular Bones A bone characterized by its unique shape or size that doesnt fit into the other bone categorizes
Diaphysis This is a structure of a long bone that relates to the midsection of the long bone or also called the shaft
Epiphysis This is a structure in a long bone that relates to both ends of the bone, these are the wider parts that almost look like two spheres
Epiphyseal Line This is a structure in a long bone that relates to a line of cartilage that will harden as you live, also known as the growth plate
Metaphysis This is a structure in a long bone that relates to the area in between the diaphysis(shaft) and the epiphysis(end of the bone)
Medullary Cavity Space in a long bone that is hollow and filled with bone marrow
Yellow Bone Marrow A soft spongy tissue that is found inside of different bones
Periosteum a dense layer of connective tissue that outlines the bones except for at the bones
Articular Cartilage a layer of connective tissue that covers where the joints meet the bone
Spongy Bone a type of bone tissue characterized by a honeycomb-like structure with trabeculae and open spaces filled with bone marrow and blood vessels
Trabeculae the thin columns and plates of bone that create a spongy structure
Red Bone Marrow Bone marrow in spongy bones that holds blood
Compact Bone the dense, hard, and solid outer layer of bone that provides strength and structure to the skeletal system
osteon the microscopic, cylindrical structural unit of compact bone, also known as the Haversian system
Haversian Canal a series of tubes around narrow channels formed by lamellae in an osteon
Osteocyte A bone cell
Osteoblast Cells that build the bone up once it is broken down
osteoclast Cells that break the bone down
Canaliculi radiating channels that connect the small cavities called lacunae
Lamellae thin, circular layers of bone tissue in an osteon that form rings around the central canal.
Endosteum a thin layer of tissue that lines the inside of bones
Lacuna a small space in bone or cartilage that holds a cell
Blood Vessels the tubes that carry blood through the body.
Arterioles very small arteries that branch off from larger arteries and lead into capillaries
Venules very small veins that collect blood from capillaries and carry it into larger veins
Created by: user-1898305
 

 



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