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Acids and Bases

Volumetric analysis Chapter 13

QuestionAnswer
What is a solution? It is a homogeneous mixture of a solute and a solvent
What is a solute? The substance that dissolves in a solvent.
What is a solvent? The substance that dissolves a solute.
What is a saturated solution? A saturated solution is a solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that is capable of being dissolved at a given temperature.
What is an unsaturated solution? An unsaturated solution is a solution in which more solute can be dissolved in a certain amount of solvent.
What is a super saturated solution? A supersaturated solution is a solution that contains more than the maximum amount of solute that is capable of being dissolved at a given temperature.
What is a concentrated solution? There is a large amount of solute in certain amount of solvent.
What is a dilute solution? There is a small amount of solute in certain amount of solvent.
What is Molarity Moles per litre
What is g/ L [cm3]
What is % (W/V) [weight per volume]
What is % (V/V) [volume per volume]
What is % (W/W) [weight per weight]
What is ppm (mg/L) [Parts Per Million]
What is a standard solution? Standard Solution is one whose concentration is known accurately
What is a primary standard Primary Standard is a substance that can be obtained in a stable, pure and soluble solid form so that it can be weighed out and dissolved in water to give a solution of accurately known concentration
To be suitable for use as a primary standard a substance must be? Pure Very soluble Have a high molecular mass Not hydrated Stable in air
Define titration It is a laboratory procedure where a measured volume of one solution is added to a known volume of another solution until the reaction is complete
What is the end-point? When the colour changes.
Describe the procedure to make a standard solution Weigh out a specific mass of solute on a clean, dry clock glass. Add the solute to a beaker containing a small volume of water. Using a wash bottle wash all traces of the solute from the clock glass into the beaker. stir with a glass rod
Describe the procedure to use a volumetric flask Using funnel transfer th contents of the beaker into a dry clean volumetric flask. Wash all traces from the beaker, glass rod and funnel into the flask. Continue to add deionised water into the flask until the level is just below the mark on the flask
Describe the procedure to use a burette Rinse with some of the solution it is to contain. Use a small funnel when filling the burette. The burette is filled almost to the top and then the tap is opened to fill the tap Re-fill the burette until the bottom of the meniscus is on the mark.
Describe the procedure to use a pipette Rinse with deionised water. Rinse with some of the solution it is to contain. Use a pipette filler to draw the level of the liquid to above the mark. Allow the liquid to run into a waste beaker until the bottom of the meniscus is on the mark.
Describe the procedure to use a pipette Touch the pipette against the side of a glass beaker. This will remove any droplet of liquid that is stuck Allow the liquid to drain under gravity in to the conical flask Touch the pipette to the side of the flask but do not blow the last drop
Describe the procedure to use a conical flask Its design allows it to be swirled without the solution splashing out. Before use, wash out with deionised water. Do not wash out with the solution it is to contain.
Describe the procedure to use a conical flask It will be holding an exact volume of a solution and so if it was washed prior to this it would have droplets that would affect this volume.
Created by: 21JulianM
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