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Musculoskeletal
| Pharmacologic Category | Generic | Brand | Classification | Common Indications | EK |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alpha2 Agonist | Tizanidine (PO) | Zanaflex | Spasticity | Key Side Effects: drowsiness, hypotension, dizziness, xerostomia, weakness | |
| Aminoquinolone | Hydroxychloroquine (PO) | Plaquenil | RA, SLE, Malaria | Key Side Effects: retinal toxicity, rash, diarrhea Other Notes: long-term use has been associated with cardiomyopathy, bone marrow suppression, QT prolongation, and neuromuscular effects (i.e., myopathy, palsies, and progressive weakness) | |
| NSAID | Diclofenac (Topical) | Voltaren Gel | OTC | OA | Key Side Effects: pruritus, rash |
| NSAID | Diclofenac (PO) | Voltaren | OA, RA, Acute Pain | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea | |
| NSAID | Ibuprofen (PO) | Motrin, Advil | OTC | OA, RA, Acute Pain | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea |
| NSAID | Meloxicam (PO) | Mobic | OA, RA, Acute Pain | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea | |
| NSAID | Indomethacin (PO) | Indocin | OA, RA, Acute Pain, Gout | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea | |
| NSAID | Naproxen (PO) | Naprosyn, Anaprox, Aleve | OTC | OA, RA, Acute Pain, Gout | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea |
| NSAID | Ketorolac (PO, IV) | Toradol | Pain | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea | |
| NSAID, COX-2 Selective | Celecoxib (PO) | Celebrex | OA, RA, Acute Pain | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea | |
| Skeletal Muscle Relaxant | Cyclobenzaprine (PO) | Flexeril, Amrix, Fexmid | Muscle Spasm | Key Side Effects: drowsiness, dizziness, xerostomia, fatigue Other Notes: use may cause prolonged cardiac arrhythmias, and tachycardia; CI within 14 days of MAOI therapy | |
| Skeletal Muscle Relaxant | Baclofen (PO) | Baclofen (PO) | Spasticity | Key Side Effects: drowsiness | |
| Skeletal Muscle Relaxant | Methocarbamol (PO) | Robaxin | Muscle Spasm | Key Side Effects: drowsiness | |
| Transdermal: Topical Analgesic IV: Antiarrhythmic | Lidocaine (Transdermal, IV) | Transdermal: Lidoderm, IV: Xylocaine | Transdermal: OTC | Transdermal: Pain IV: Ventricular Arrhythmias | Key Side Effects (transdermal): dermatitis, erythema, urticaria, skin depigmentation, skin edema Key Side Effects (IV): bradycardia Other Notes: patch may remain in place for up to 12 hours in any 24-hour period, patch may be cut |
| Antigout Agent | Colchicine (PO) | Colcrys | Gout | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, bone marrow suppression, myopathy (including rhabdomyolysis) | |
| Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor | Allopurinol (PO) | Zyloprim | Gout | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, nausea, rash, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia Other Notes: rare association with severe (and potentially fatal) allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome (risk highest in certain Asian populations) | |
| Depolarizing Neuromuscular Blocking Agent | Succinylcholine (IV) | Anectine | Neuromuscular Blockade for Intubation or Procedures | Key Side Effects: hyperkalemia, myalgia, malignant hyperthermia (rare) US Boxed Warning: acute rhabdomyolysis and hyperkalemia leading to cardiac arrest and death in pediatric patients with undiagnosed skeletal muscle disease | |
| Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Inhibitor | Etanercept (SQ) | Enbrel | RA | Key Side Effects: infection, injection site reaction, headache, nausea US Boxed Warning: serious infections, malignancies such as lymphoma | |
| Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Inhibitor | Adalimumab (SQ) | Humira | RA, Crohn's Disease, Ulcerative Colitis | Key Side Effects: infection, injection site reaction, headache, nausea US Boxed Warning: serious infections, malignancies such as lymphoma |