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Chapter 6 Vocabulary

Understanding Students with Communication Disorders

QuestionAnswer
SPEECH DISORDER Refers to difficulty producing sounds as well as disorders of voice quality or fluency of speech.
LANGUAGE DISORDER Entails difficulty receiving, understanding, or formulating ideas and information.
RECEPTIVE LANGUAGE DISORDER Characterized by difficulty receiving or understanding information.
EXPRESSIVE LANGUAGE DISORDER Characterized by difficulty formulating ideas and information.
CLEFT PALATE OR LIP A condition in which a person has a split in the upper lip part of the oral cavity or the upper lip.
DIALECT A language variation that a group of individuals uses and that reflects shared regional, social, or cultural factors.
SPEECH The oral expression of language.
LANGUAGE A structured, shared, rule-governed, symbolic system for communicating.
PHONOLOGY The use of sounds to make meaningful syllables or words.
PHONEMES Individual speech sounds.
MORPHOLOGY The system that governs the structure of words.
MORPHEME The smallest meaningful unit of speech.
SYNTAX Rules for putting together a series of words to form sentences.
SEMANTICS Refers to the meaning of what is expressed.
PRAGMATICS Refers to the use of communication in contexts.
SOCIAL INTERACTION THEORIES Emphasize that communication skills are learned through social interactions.
ARTICULATION DISORDERS One of the most frequent communication disordiers in preschool to school-age children.
ARTICULATION A speaker's production of individual or sequenced sounds.
SUBSTITUTIONS Articulations in the form of substitutions, additions, omissions, or distortion of words.
OMISSIONS Occur when a child leaves a phoneme out of a word.
ADDITIONS Occur when students place a vowel between two consonants.
DISTORTIONS Modifications of the production of a phoneme in a word.
APRAXIA A motor speech disorder that affects the way in which a student plans to produce speech.
PITCH Affected by the tension and size of the vocal folds, the health of the larynx, and the location of the larynx.
DURATION The length of time any speech sound requires.
INTENSITY Based on the perception of the listener and is determined by the air pressure coming from the lungs through the vocal folds.
RESONANCE The perceived quality of someone's voice, determined by the way in which the tone coming from the vocal folds is modified by the spaces of the throat, mouth, and nose.
HYPERNASALITY The quality of voices in which the emission of air through the nose is excessive.
HYPONASALITY a quality of voice in which there is a complete lack of nasal emission of air and nasal resonance, so that the speaker sounds as if he has a cold.
FLUENCY The rate and rhythm of speaking.
SPECIFIC LANGUAGE IMPAIRMENT Not relating to any physical or intellectual disability.
ORGANIC DISORDERS Those caused by an identifiable problem in the neuromuscular mechanism of the person.
FUNCTIONAL DISORDERS Those with no identifiable organic or neurological cause.
CONGENITAL DISORDER A disorder that occurs at or before birth.
ACQUIRED DISORDER A disorder that occurs well after birth.
BILINGUAL Being able to use two languages equally well.
BIDIALECTAL Being able to use two variations of a language.
SYSTEM FOR AUGMENTING LANGUAGE (SAL) An instructional strategy that focuses on augmented input of language.
Created by: lmurray1
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