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CHEMISTRY VOCAB
VOCAB quiz
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Atom | Basic unit of matter |
| Element | Substance consisting entirely of one type of Atom |
| Compound | Substance forced by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite propertions |
| Electron | Negatively charged particle located outside of the atomic nucleus |
| Molecule | smallest unit of most compounds |
| Nucleus | the center of the atom which contains the protons and the neutrons;cells, structures that contains the cells genetic material (DNA) and controls the cell's activities |
| Ion | atom that has a positive or negative charge |
| Isotope | atom of an element that has a number of neutrons different from that of other atoms of the same element |
| Ionic bond | bond formed when one or more electrons are transformed from one atom to another |
| Covalent bond | bond formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms |
| Van der waals Forces | a slight attraction that develops between the oppositely charged regions of nearby molecules |
| Cohesion | Attraction between molecules of the same substance |
| Adhesion | Attraction between molecules of different substances; in plants, attraction between unlike molecules |
| Mixture | Material composed of two or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together but not chemically combined |
| solution | mixture of two or more substances are evenly distributed |
| solute | substance that dissolves in a solvent to make a solution |
| solvent | substance in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution |
| suspension | mixture of water and non-dissolved materials |
| acid | compound that forms hydrogen ions (H+) in solution |
| base | compound that produces hydroxide ions (OH+) in solution |
| pH scale | measurement system used to indicate the concentration of hydrogen ions(H+) in solutions ranged from 0 to 14 |
| buffer | weak acid or base that can react with strong acids or bases to help prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH |
| monomer | small unit that conjoin together with other small unit to form polymers |
| Polymer | large compound formed from combinations of many monomers |
| carbohydrate | compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; major source of energy for the human day |
| monosaccharide | single sugar molecule |
| polysaccharide | large macro-molecule formed from monosaccharide |
| lipid | macro-molecule made mainly from carbon and hydrogen atoms;including fats, oils, and waxes |
| protein | macro-molecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair and to make up enzymes |
| nucleic acid | macro-molecule containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus |
| nucleotide | Monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-a carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base |
| RNA | Ribonucleic acid single-stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose |
| DNA | Nucleic acid that contains that sugar deoxyribose |
| Amino acid | compound with an amino group (-NH2) on end and a carboxyl group (-COOH) on the other end |
| Chemical Reaction | Process that changes one set of chemicals into another st of chemicals |
| Reactant | element or compound that enters into a chemical reaction |
| product | element or compound produced by a chemical reaction |
| activation energy | energy needed to get a reaction started |
| catalyst | substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction |
| enzyme | protein that acts as a biological catalyst |
| substrate | reactant of an enzyme- catalyzed reaction |
Created by:
Bones1987
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