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Unit 1: Matter Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| PURE SUBSTANCE | matter that consists of only one type of atom (an element) or one type of chemically bonded atoms (a compound) |
| MOLECULE | the smallest unit of a chemical compound that can exist by itself and retain all the properties of that substance, consisting of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds |
| COMPOUND | a substance formed by chemically joining two or more different elements in a fixed ratio, such as water (H₂O) |
| CHEMICAL BOND | the electrostatic force of attraction that holds atoms and ions together to form molecules and crystals |
| MATTER | any substance that has mass and occupies space (volume) |
| ATOM | the basic unit of matter and the smallest unit of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element |
| ELEMENT | a pure substance consisting of only one type of atom |
| SUBATOMIC PARTICLES | Protons: . Positively charged particles located in the nucleus. Neutrons:. Neutrally charged particles are also found in the nucleus. Electrons:. Negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus in shells or orbitals. |
| NUCLEUS | a dense, positively charged region at the center, composed of protons and neutrons |
| MASS | the amount of matter in an object, measured in grams |
| WEIGHT | refers to the force of gravity acting on an object's mass, measured in pounds |
| VOLUME | the amount of space an object occupies |
| DENSITY | mass per unit volume, calculated using the formula d = m/V |
| HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE | a type of mixture where the components are uniformly distributed and completely mixed, making them indistinguishable (look the same) to the naked eye |
| HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE | a type of mixture where the components are not uniformly distributed, can often be seen with the naked eye, remain physically separate, and may be separated by physical means |
| SOLUTION | a homogeneous mixture where a solute is dissolved in a solvent |
| SOLUTE | the substance that gets dissolved in another substance to form a solution |
| SOLVENT | a substance capable of dissolving other substances (solutes) to form a solution, with water being a common example |
| COLLOID | a heterogeneous mixture where small particles are suspended and evenly distributed throughout another substance; such as milk, fog, or paint. |
| PHYSICAL PROPERTY | a characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without altering its chemical identity |
| CHEMICAL PROPERTY | a substance's characteristic that can be observed or measured only during a chemical reaction, where the substance's chemical identity changes to form a new substance |
| PHYSICAL CHANGE | a modification to a substance that alters its properties, like shape, size, or state of matter, but not its chemical identity |
| CHEMICAL CHANGE | also known as a chemical reaction, is a process where substances are transformed into new, different substances with unique properties |
Created by:
JSkardon
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