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Literary Terms KIND
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Plot | The sequence of events in a story--beginning, middle and end. |
| Exposition | The beginning of the story where the main characters and initial conflicts are introduced. The setting of the story (time, place, weather, culture etc.). |
| Rising Action | Events that lead up to the climax. They help create tension and suspense and may have more conflicts. |
| Climax | The turning point of the story; the moment of tension, emotion, or suspense that determines the resolution. The main conflict is addressed. |
| Falling Action | Eases the tension and shows how the main character resolves the conflict. |
| Resolution/Denouement | The end of the story where typically the main conflict is resolved. |
| protagonist | The central character usually involved in a conflict against the antagonist. May also be known as a hero |
| antagonist | The central character’s opponent (creates the conflict). |
| theme | The central idea or message about life that is expressed in the story. |
| conflict | A problem, fight, or struggle between characters, society, nature, or internally within. |
| setting | Where and when the story takes place (including the time, place, weather, culture, customs and traditions). |
| characters | The means through which an author reveals a character’s personality. Characterization may be direct or indirect. |
| central idea | what the section is mostly about |
| internal conflict | a psychological and emotional battle that occurs within a single character's mind, |
| external conflict | a narrative struggle between a character and an outside force, such as another person, society, nature, technology, or the supernatural |
| dynamic character | A character who undergoes a significant internal change over the course of the story. This may be a change in understanding, values, insight etc. |
| static character | A character who does not undergo a significant change over the course of a story |
| character vs self | In this type of conflict, the main character experiences some kind of inner conflict like a making a difficult decision or dealing with a personal problem. |
| character vs character | This type of conflict finds the main character in conflict with another character, human or not human. |
| character vs nature | This type of conflict finds the main character in conflict with the forces of nature, which serve as the antagonist. |
| idiom | A phrase or expression that says one thing, but means something else |
| Allusion | A reference to something outside of what you are reading- a place, person, or event. |
| Hyperbole | An extreme exaggeration. |
| Simile | A comparison of two different things using the words “like” or “as”. |
| Metaphor | A direct comparison of two different things without using “like” or “as”; it describes something by calling it something else. |
| Personification | Describing nonhuman animals, objects, or ideas as though they possess human qualities or emotions. |
| Alliteration | Repetition of initial consonant sounds |
| Theme | The central idea or message about life that is expressed in the story. |
| Point of View | First person, second person, third person (omniscient) The perspective in which a story is being told. |
| Foreshadowing | Hints or clues about future events. |
| Character vs. Society | This type of conflict has the main character in conflict with a larger group: a community, society, culture, school, etc. |
| Author’s Purpose | The reason why the author writes: Entertain, Inform, Explain, and Persuade. |
| Mood | The feelings the reader gets from reading the author’s words. |
| Tone | The attitudes and feelings of an author/speaker toward a subject. |
| Characterization | means through which an author reveals a character’s personality. Characterization may be direct or indirect. |
| Direct Characterization | The author tells the reader what the character is like. |
| Indirect Characterization | The author shows the reader what the character is like through how a character looks, what the character does, what the character says, what the character thinks, or how the character affects the other characters. |
| Noun | Names a person, place, thing, or idea/concept |
| Common Noun | a general name for a person, place, thing, or idea/concept- not capitalized unless it's the first word of a sentence |
| Proper Noun | the name of a particular person, place, thing, or idea/concept... begins with a capital letter |
| Singular Noun | Names ONE person, place, thing, or idea/concept |
| Plural Noun | Names more than one person, place, thing, or idea/concept |
| Action Verb | Tells about an action. Sometimes you can see the action (physical actions) |
| Linking Verb | Do not show action, instead, they tell that something is, or they link the subject with a word or words in the predicate |
| Adjectives | A word that modifies or describes a noun or pronoun. The answer to the questions: What kind, Which ones, & and how many? |
| Adverbs | Modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. They are commonly formed by adding -ly. They answer the questions: How, Where, & and When? |
| Pronouns | Is used in place of a noun |
| Point of View | First person, second person, third person (omniscient) The perspective in which a story is being told |
| Character vs. Society | This type of conflict has the main character in conflict with a larger group: a community, society, culture, school, etc. |
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